| Abstract | Subterranean ecosystems (e.g., caves, groundwaters, fissure systems) are often overlooked in global climate change and conservation agendas. This contrasts with their widespread distribution, rich biodiversity, and importance to humans as providers of multiple ecosystem services. Worryingly, evidence is accumulating regarding diverse biological alterations in subterranean ecosystems under climate change exposure. Yet, we lack quantification of the magnitude of these impacts across scales and ecosystem components. Here, we assembled a dataset covering 347 measurements of climate change impact at the organismal physiology, behavior, population/community, and habitat levels. Through a meta-analysis, we showed that climate change effects act at gene to community levels with varying strength and direction depending on habitat, taxa, and degree of subterranean specialization. By building a nuanced understanding of the multilevel impacts of climate change on subterranean ecosystems, our analysis underscores the vulnerability of different ecosystem components, providing a supported rationale for their incorporation into conservation agendas through targeted measures. |
| Text | 488334 2023 10.1016/j.oneear.2023.09.001 Scopus 2 s2.0 85174057494 caves climate refugium extinction risk global warming groundwater habitat shift relative humidity stenothermal stress response subterranean biology A global meta analysis reveals multilevel and context dependent effects of climate change on subterranean ecosystems Vaccarelli, Ilaria; Colado, Raquel; Pallares, Susana; Galassi, Diana M.P.; Sanchez Fernandez, David; Di Cicco, Mattia; Meierhofer, Melissa B.; Piano, Elena; Di Lorenzo, Tiziana; Mammola, Stefano Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L Aquila, 67100 L Aquila, Italy; Molecular Ecology Group dark MEG , Water Research Institute IRSA , National Research Council CNR , Corso Tonolli, 50, 28922 Pallanza, Italy; School for Advanced Studies IUSS, Science, Technology and Society Department, 25100 Pavia, Italy; Department of Ecology Hydrology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Department of Zoology, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; BatLab Finland, Finnish Museum of Natural History Luomus LUOMUS , University of Helsinki, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, 00100 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy; Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems IRET , National Research Council CNR , Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Emil Racovita Institute of Speleology, 400535 Cluj Napoca, Romania; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy; Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research LIBRe , Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS , University of Helsinki, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, 00100 Helsinki, Finland. Subterranean ecosystems e.g., caves, groundwaters, fissure systems are often overlooked in global climate change and conservation agendas. This contrasts with their widespread distribution, rich biodiversity, and importance to humans as providers of multiple ecosystem services. Worryingly, evidence is accumulating regarding diverse biological alterations in subterranean ecosystems under climate change exposure. Yet, we lack quantification of the magnitude of these impacts across scales and ecosystem components. Here, we assembled a dataset covering 347 measurements of climate change impact at the organismal physiology, behavior, population/community, and habitat levels. Through a meta analysis, we showed that climate change effects act at gene to community levels with varying strength and direction depending on habitat, taxa, and degree of subterranean specialization. By building a nuanced understanding of the multilevel impacts of climate change on subterranean ecosystems, our analysis underscores the vulnerability of different ecosystem components, providing a supported rationale for their incorporation into conservation agendas through targeted measures. Published version http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 85174057494 origin=inward Published version 2023_VACCARELLI ET AL One Earth.pdf Articolo in rivista Elsevier ; poi Cell press 2590 3322 One earth New York. Online One earth New York. Online One earth tiziana.dilorenzo DI LORENZO TIZIANA stefano.mammola MAMMOLA STEFANO |
