| Abstract | The degradation and bioaccumulation of selected antibiotics such as the sulfonamide sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and the fluoroquinolones enrofloxacin (ENR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) were investigated in soil microcosm experiments where Lactuca sativa was grown with manure or digestate (1%) and spiked with a mixture of the three antibiotics (7.5 mg/kg each). The soil, rhizosphere and leaf phyllosphere were sampled (at 0 and 46 days) from each microcosm to analyze the antibiotic concentrations, main resistance genes (sul1, sul2, qnrS, aac-(6')-Ib-crand qepA), the intI1and tnpA mobile genetic elements and the microbial community structure.Overall results showed that SMX and CIP decreased (70-85% and 55-79%, respectively), and ENR was quite persistent during the 46-day experiment. In plant presence, CIP and ENR were partially up-taken from soil to plant. In fact the bioaccumulation factors were > 1, with higher values in manure than digestate amended soils. The most abundant gene in soil was sul2 in digestate- and aac-(6')-Ib-cr in the manure-amended microcosms. In soil, neither sulfamethoxazole-resistance (sul1 and sul2), nor fluoroquinolone-resistance (aac-(6')-Ib-cr, qepA and qnrS) gene abundances were correlated with any antibiotic concentration. On the contrary, in lettuce leaves, the aac-(6')-Ib-cr gene was the most abundant, in accordance with the fluoroquinolone bioaccumulation. Finally, digestate stimulated a higher soil microbial biodiversity, introducing and promoting more bacterial genera associated with antibiotic degradation and involved in soil fertility and decreased fluoroquinolone bioaccumulation. |
| Text | 474160 2022 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120413 Scopus 2 s2.0 85140096651 biodegradation bioaccumulation antibiotics plants Bioaccumulation of antibiotics and resistance genes in lettuce following cattle manure and digestate fertilization and their effects on soil and phyllosphere microbial communities Barra Caracciolo A.; Visca A.; Rauseo J.; Spataro F.; Garbini G.L.; Grenni P.; Mariani L.; Mazzurco Miritana V.; Massini G.; Patrolecco L. Water Research Institute National Research Council IRSA CNR , Rome, Water Research Institute National Research Council IRSA CNR , Rome Italy, Italy; Water Research Institute National Research Council IRSA CNR , Rome, Water Research Institute National Research Council IRSA CNR , Rome Italy, Italy; Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council ISP CNR , Rome, Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council ISP CNR , Rome Italy, , Italy; Department of Energy Technologies, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development ENEA , Rome, Department of Energy Technologies, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development ENEA , Rome Italy, Italy The degradation and bioaccumulation of selected antibiotics such as the sulfonamide sulfamethoxazole SMX and the fluoroquinolones enrofloxacin ENR and ciprofloxacin CIP were investigated in soil microcosm experiments where Lactuca sativa was grown with manure or digestate 1% and spiked with a mixture of the three antibiotics 7.5 mg/kg each . The soil, rhizosphere and leaf phyllosphere were sampled at 0 and 46 days from each microcosm to analyze the antibiotic concentrations, main resistance genes sul1, sul2, qnrS, aac 6 Ib crand qepA , the intI1and tnpA mobile genetic elements and the microbial community structure.Overall results showed that SMX and CIP decreased 70 85% and 55 79%, respectively , and ENR was quite persistent during the 46 day experiment. In plant presence, CIP and ENR were partially up taken from soil to plant. In fact the bioaccumulation factors were > 1, with higher values in manure than digestate amended soils. The most abundant gene in soil was sul2 in digestate and aac 6 Ib cr in the manure amended microcosms. In soil, neither sulfamethoxazole resistance sul1 and sul2 , nor fluoroquinolone resistance aac 6 Ib cr, qepA and qnrS gene abundances were correlated with any antibiotic concentration. On the contrary, in lettuce leaves, the aac 6 Ib cr gene was the most abundant, in accordance with the fluoroquinolone bioaccumulation. Finally, digestate stimulated a higher soil microbial biodiversity, introducing and promoting more bacterial genera associated with antibiotic degradation and involved in soil fertility and decreased fluoroquinolone bioaccumulation. 315 Published version http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 85140096651 origin=inward Pubblicazione EnvironPollutionLettuce2022.pdf Articolo in rivista Elsevier Applied Science Publishers 0269 7491 Environmental pollution 1987 Environmental pollution 1987 Environ. pollut. 1987 Environmental pollution 1987 MARIANI LIVIA VISCA ANDREA GARBINI GIAN LUIGI MAZZURCO MIRITANA VALENTINA luisa.patrolecco PATROLECCO LUISA anna.barracaracciolo BARRA CARACCIOLO ANNA paola.grenni GRENNI PAOLA francesca.spataro SPATARO FRANCESCA jasmin.rauseo RAUSEO JASMIN SAC.AD002.002.002 AZERBAIJAN ANAS 043.002 |
