| Abstract | This paper concerns a stepwise modelling procedure for groundwater flow simulation in a folded and faulted, multilayer carbonate aquifer, which constitutes a source of good quality water for human consumption in the Apennine Range in Central Italy. A perennial river acts as the main natural drain for groundwater while sustaining valuable water-related ecosystems. The spatial distribution of recharge was estimated using the Thornthwaite-Mather method on 60 years of climate data. The system was conceptualized as three main aquifers separated by two locally discontinuous aquitards. Three numerical models were implemented by gradually adding complexity to the model grid: single layer (2D), three layers (quasi-3D) and five layers (fully 3D), using an equivalent porous medium approach, in order to find the best solution with a parsimonious model setting. To overcome dry-cell problems in the fully 3D model, the Newton-Raphson formulation for MODFLOW-2005 was invoked. The calibration results show that a fully 3D model was required to match the observed distribution of aquifer outflow to the river baseflow. The numerical model demonstrated the major impact of folded and faulted geological structures on controlling the flow dynamics in terms of flow direction, water heads and the spatial distribution of the outflows to the river and springs. |
| Text | 472626 2022 10.3390/w14162475 Scopus 2 s2.0 85137390237 carbonate aquifer faults and folds groundwater modelling multilayer aquifer MODFLOW NWT formulation Central Italy A Stepwise Modelling Approach to Identifying Structural Features That Control Groundwater Flow in a Folded Carbonate Aquifer System Preziosi E.; Guyennon N.; Petrangeli A.B.; Romano E.; Di Salvo C. CNR Water Research Institute, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29,300 C.P. 10, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, 00015, CNR Water Research Institute, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29,300 C.P. 10, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, 00015, Italy, , Italy; CNR Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29,300 C.P. 10, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, 00015, CNR Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29,300 C.P. 10, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, 00015, Italy, , Italy This paper concerns a stepwise modelling procedure for groundwater flow simulation in a folded and faulted, multilayer carbonate aquifer, which constitutes a source of good quality water for human consumption in the Apennine Range in Central Italy. A perennial river acts as the main natural drain for groundwater while sustaining valuable water related ecosystems. The spatial distribution of recharge was estimated using the Thornthwaite Mather method on 60 years of climate data. The system was conceptualized as three main aquifers separated by two locally discontinuous aquitards. Three numerical models were implemented by gradually adding complexity to the model grid single layer 2D , three layers quasi 3D and five layers fully 3D , using an equivalent porous medium approach, in order to find the best solution with a parsimonious model setting. To overcome dry cell problems in the fully 3D model, the Newton Raphson formulation for MODFLOW 2005 was invoked. The calibration results show that a fully 3D model was required to match the observed distribution of aquifer outflow to the river baseflow. The numerical model demonstrated the major impact of folded and faulted geological structures on controlling the flow dynamics in terms of flow direction, water heads and the spatial distribution of the outflows to the river and springs. 14 Published version http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 85137390237 origin=inward A Stepwise Modelling Approach to Identifying Structural Features That Control Groundwater Flow in a Folded Carbonate Aquifer System Articolo completo 2022 Preziosi et al A Stepwise Modelling Approach to Identifying Structural Features.pdf Articolo in rivista Molecular Diversity Preservation International 2073 4441 Water Basel Water Basel Water Basel Water. Basel elisabetta.preziosi PREZIOSI ELISABETTA annabruna.petrangeli PETRANGELI ANNA BRUNA emanuele.romano ROMANO EMANUELE nicolasdominique.guyennon GUYENNON NICOLAS DOMINIQUE cristina.disalvo DI SALVO CRISTINA |
