| Title | New compounds, old problems. The case of C6O4-a substitute of PFOA - and its effects to the clam Ruditapes philippinarum |
| Abstract | C6O4 (difluoro{[2,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-5-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]oxy}acetic acid) is a new surfactant and emulsifier used as a substitute of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Recently, C6O4 has been detected in aquatic environments, but, at present, no information concerning the effects of C6O4 on aquatic species, such as bivalves, are available in the literature. Therefore, in this study we evaluated for the first time the effects of C6O4 (0.1 and 1 mu g/L) and PFOA (1 mu g/L) to the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Short-term (7 days) and long-term (21 days) exposures of clams to the two compounds were carried out and numerous biomarkers were measured in haemocytes/haemolymph, as well as in gills and digestive gland. The MANOVA analysis demonstrated statistically significant effects of the independent variables "treatment", "time" and "treatment-time interaction" on the whole dataset of biomarker responses. The two-way ANOVA analysis performed for each biomarker response indicated that the two compounds affected most of the cellular and tissue parameters measured. Despite preliminary, the results obtained suggested that C6O4 similarly to PFOA can affect both cellular and biochemical parameters of clams. |
| Source | Journal of hazardous materials (Print) 420 |
| Keywords | ClamBivalveBiomarkerPerfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acidsPFAS alternative |
| Journal | Journal of hazardous materials (Print) |
| Editor | Elsevier, New York ;, Paesi Bassi |
| Year | 2021 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126689 |
| Authors | Fabrello, Jacopo; Ciscato, Maria; Masiero, Luciano; Finos, Livio; Valsecchi, Sara; Polesello, Stefano; Bernardini, Ilaria; Dalla Rovere, Giulia; Bargelloni, Luca; Massimo, Milan; Patarnello, Tomaso; Marin, Maria Gabriella; Matozzo, Valerio |
| Text | 465861 2021 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126689 ISI Web of Science WOS 000696941800007 Clam Bivalve Biomarker Perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids PFAS alternative New compounds, old problems. The case of C6O4 a substitute of PFOA and its effects to the clam Ruditapes philippinarum Fabrello, Jacopo; Ciscato, Maria; Masiero, Luciano; Finos, Livio; Valsecchi, Sara; Polesello, Stefano; Bernardini, Ilaria; Dalla Rovere, Giulia; Bargelloni, Luca; Massimo, Milan; Patarnello, Tomaso; Marin, Maria Gabriella; Matozzo, Valerio Univ Padua; Univ Padua; Italian Natl Res Council IRSA CNR; Univ Padua C6O4 difluoro 2,2,4,5 tetrafluoro 5 trifluoromethoxy 1,3 dioxolan 4 yl oxy acetic acid is a new surfactant and emulsifier used as a substitute of perfluorooctanoic acid PFOA . Recently, C6O4 has been detected in aquatic environments, but, at present, no information concerning the effects of C6O4 on aquatic species, such as bivalves, are available in the literature. Therefore, in this study we evaluated for the first time the effects of C6O4 0.1 and 1 mu g/L and PFOA 1 mu g/L to the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Short term 7 days and long term 21 days exposures of clams to the two compounds were carried out and numerous biomarkers were measured in haemocytes/haemolymph, as well as in gills and digestive gland. The MANOVA analysis demonstrated statistically significant effects of the independent variables treatment , time and treatment time interaction on the whole dataset of biomarker responses. The two way ANOVA analysis performed for each biomarker response indicated that the two compounds affected most of the cellular and tissue parameters measured. Despite preliminary, the results obtained suggested that C6O4 similarly to PFOA can affect both cellular and biochemical parameters of clams. 420 Published version Articolo in rivista Elsevier 0304 3894 Journal of hazardous materials Print Journal of hazardous materials Print J. hazard. mater. Print Journal of hazardous materials. Print stefano.polesello POLESELLO STEFANO saramaria.valsecchi VALSECCHI SARA MARIA |
