| Title | Vertical profiles of trace elements in a sediment core from the Lambro River (northern Italy): Historical trends and pollutant transport to the Adriatic Sea |
| Abstract | River sediments generally act as a sink for trace elements but, when resuspended, they contribute to long-term downstream transport of contamination, which may finally reach the marine environment. This study analyzed these processes in a complex aquatic system that includes a contaminated tributary, the Lambro River (Northern Italy) and its recipient and main Italian watercourse, the Po River, with the prodelta in the Adriatic Sea. The study was conducted from a historical perspective which, covering the last 50 years, examined the main driving events such as the inputs of contaminants, the construction of WWTPs and the evolution of environmental legislation. The time trend of trace element contamination was analyzed in a sediment core collected in the Lambro River and dated 1962-2011. The highest enrichments were found for Hg, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd, which showed similar trends, with EF maxima in the '60s-'90s (172, 56, 40, 28 and 21, respectively), following industrial and urban development, and a general decreasing pattern after the late '90s. Only in the 2000s the ecological risk associated with metal contamination showed mean PEC Quotients stably below 1. The results of a literature survey on sedimentary trace elements in the Po River and the prodelta for the last 50 years were then compared to the Lambro sediment core. A significant contribution to Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg and Cd contamination was proved to derive from Lambro sediment transport. In the prodelta, increasing Ni and Cr concentrations were also evidenced, likely as a result of enhanced soil erosion in the Po basin. This study highlights the key role of WWTPs, of lower-impact industrial processes and of environmental legislation in reducing contaminant inputs. It also emphasizes the active contribution of riverine sediment-bound contamination to long-distance marine sediment quality. |
| Source | Science of the total environment 782 |
| Keywords | Po prodeltaSedimentsTime trendToxic riskTrace metals |
| Journal | Science of the total environment |
| Editor | Elsevier, Lausanne ;, Paesi Bassi |
| Year | 2021 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146766 |
| Authors | Marziali, Laura; Valsecchi, Lucia; Schiavon, Alfredo; Mastroianni, Domenico; Viganò, Luigi |
| Text | 461560 2021 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146766 Scopus 2 s2.0 85103772833 Po prodelta Sediments Time trend Toxic risk Trace metals Vertical profiles of trace elements in a sediment core from the Lambro River northern Italy Historical trends and pollutant transport to the Adriatic Sea Marziali, Laura; Valsecchi, Lucia; Schiavon, Alfredo; Mastroianni, Domenico; Vigano, Luigi Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque, Italy; Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries; Water Research Institute IRSA CNR River sediments generally act as a sink for trace elements but, when resuspended, they contribute to long term downstream transport of contamination, which may finally reach the marine environment. This study analyzed these processes in a complex aquatic system that includes a contaminated tributary, the Lambro River Northern Italy and its recipient and main Italian watercourse, the Po River, with the prodelta in the Adriatic Sea. The study was conducted from a historical perspective which, covering the last 50 years, examined the main driving events such as the inputs of contaminants, the construction of WWTPs and the evolution of environmental legislation. The time trend of trace element contamination was analyzed in a sediment core collected in the Lambro River and dated 1962 2011. The highest enrichments were found for Hg, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd, which showed similar trends, with EF maxima in the 60s 90s 172, 56, 40, 28 and 21, respectively , following industrial and urban development, and a general decreasing pattern after the late 90s. Only in the 2000s the ecological risk associated with metal contamination showed mean PEC Quotients stably below 1. The results of a literature survey on sedimentary trace elements in the Po River and the prodelta for the last 50 years were then compared to the Lambro sediment core. A significant contribution to Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg and Cd contamination was proved to derive from Lambro sediment transport. In the prodelta, increasing Ni and Cr concentrations were also evidenced, likely as a result of enhanced soil erosion in the Po basin. This study highlights the key role of WWTPs, of lower impact industrial processes and of environmental legislation in reducing contaminant inputs. It also emphasizes the active contribution of riverine sediment bound contamination to long distance marine sediment quality. 782 Published version http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 85103772833 origin=inward Articolo in rivista Elsevier 0048 9697 Science of the total environment Science of the total environment Sci. total environ. lucia.valsecchi VALSECCHI LUCIA SCHIAVON ALFREDO laura.marziali MARZIALI LAURA luigi.vigano VIGANO LUIGI domenico.mastroianni MASTROIANNI DOMENICO |
