| Title | Spider conservation in Europe: a review |
| Abstract | Despite their ecological importance and diversity, spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) are underrepresented in conservation policies in comparison to other groups. We review all extant conservation tools focusing on spiders in Europe, highlighting general patterns, limitations, gaps, and future directions. We assembled a comprehensive online database reporting all available information concerning the legal protection and conservation status of 4,154 spider species. Existing international legislation has limited coverage, with only one species listed in the Bern Convention and EU Habitats Directive. At the national and subnational levels, 178 species are formally mentioned in the legislation of 19 European countries. Moreover, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) includes assessments for 301 species worldwide, 164 of these threatened and eight native to Europe. In addition, spiders are mentioned in Regional Red Lists and Red Books in 28 out of 42 European countries considered in this review. Northern and Central European countries have the highest percentage of species assessed at the regional level in Red Lists and Red Books. The Mediterranean basin has the highest spider diversities in Europe but conservation efforts are lacking, both in terms of assessments and national or subnational legislation. Among European species, Dolomedes plantarius, Argyroneta aquatica and Eresus kollari are the most frequently mentioned in European conservation measures, possibly due to their ecological traits and their strict association with declining habitats. Considering the current threats to spiders in Europe, the protection of large areas of suitable habitat should be considered as the most effective approach to spider conservation. |
| Source | Biological conservation 256 |
| Keywords | AraneaeEnvironmental LegislationInvertebrate conservationIUCNRed ListThreatened species |
| Journal | Biological conservation |
| Editor | Elsevier,, Barking, Regno Unito |
| Year | 2021 |
| Type | Rassegna della letteratura scientifica in rivista (Literature review) |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109020 |
| Authors | Milano, Filippo; Blick, Theo; Cardoso, Pedro; Chatzaki, Maria; Fukushima, Caroline Sayuri; Gajdo?, Peter; Gibbons, Alastair T.; Henriques, Sergio; Macías-Hernández, Nuria; Mammola, Stefano; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Nolan, Myles; Pétillon, Julien; Polchaninova, Nina; ?ezá?, Milan; Sandström, Jonas; Smith, Helen; Wi?niewski, Konrad; Isaia, Marco |
| Text | 452861 2021 10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109020 Scopus 2 s2.0 85103621947 Araneae Environmental Legislation Invertebrate conservation IUCN Red List Threatened species Spider conservation in Europe a review Milano, Filippo; Blick, Theo; Cardoso, Pedro; Chatzaki, Maria; Fukushima, Caroline Sayuri; Gajdo , Peter; Gibbons, Alastair T.; Henriques, Sergio; Macias Hernandez, Nuria; Mammola, Stefano; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Nolan, Myles; Petillon, Julien; Polchaninova, Nina; eza , Milan; Sandstrom, Jonas; Smith, Helen; Wi niewski, Konrad; Isaia, Marco Écosystemes, Biodiversite, Évolution; Democritus University of Thrace; V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University; Research Institute of Crop Production; Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet; Indianapolis Zoo; Finnish Museum of Natural History; University College London; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; University of Bern; National Museum of Ireland; Akademia Pomorska w S upsku; University of Nottingham; Universita degli Studi di Torino; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Zoological Society of London; Universidad de la Laguna; Hummeltal; British Arachnological Society Despite their ecological importance and diversity, spiders Arachnida Araneae are underrepresented in conservation policies in comparison to other groups. We review all extant conservation tools focusing on spiders in Europe, highlighting general patterns, limitations, gaps, and future directions. We assembled a comprehensive online database reporting all available information concerning the legal protection and conservation status of 4,154 spider species. Existing international legislation has limited coverage, with only one species listed in the Bern Convention and EU Habitats Directive. At the national and subnational levels, 178 species are formally mentioned in the legislation of 19 European countries. Moreover, the International Union for Conservation of Nature IUCN includes assessments for 301 species worldwide, 164 of these threatened and eight native to Europe. In addition, spiders are mentioned in Regional Red Lists and Red Books in 28 out of 42 European countries considered in this review. Northern and Central European countries have the highest percentage of species assessed at the regional level in Red Lists and Red Books. The Mediterranean basin has the highest spider diversities in Europe but conservation efforts are lacking, both in terms of assessments and national or subnational legislation. Among European species, Dolomedes plantarius, Argyroneta aquatica and Eresus kollari are the most frequently mentioned in European conservation measures, possibly due to their ecological traits and their strict association with declining habitats. Considering the current threats to spiders in Europe, the protection of large areas of suitable habitat should be considered as the most effective approach to spider conservation. 256 Published version http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 85103621947 origin=inward Rassegna della letteratura scientifica in rivista Literature review Elsevier, 0006 3207 Biological conservation Biological conservation Biol. conserv. Biological conservation. stefano.mammola MAMMOLA STEFANO |
