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DatoValore
TitleSymbiosis between nanohaloarchaeon and haloarchaeon is based on utilization of different polysaccharides
AbstractNano-sized archaeota, with their small genomes and limited meta-bolic capabilities, are known to associate with other microbes, thereby compensating for their own auxotrophies. These diminutive and yet ubiquitous organisms thrive in hypersaline habitats that they share with haloarchaea. Here, we reveal the genetic and physiological nature of a nanohaloarchaeon-haloarchaeon association, with both microbes obtained from a solar saltern and reproducibly cultivated together in vitro. The nanohaloarchaeon Candidatus Nanohalobium constans LC1Nh is an aerotolerant, sugar-fermenting anaerobe, lack-ing key anabolic machinery and respiratory complexes. The nanoha-loarchaeon cells are found physically connected to the chitinolytic haloarchaeon Halomicrobium sp. LC1Hm. Our experiments revealed that this haloarchaeon can hydrolyze chitin outside the cell (to pro-duce the monosaccharide N-acetylglucosamine), using this beta-glucan to obtain carbon and energy for growth. However, LC1Hm could not metabolize either glycogen or starch (both alpha-glucans) or other polysaccharides tested. Remarkably, the nanohaloarchaeon's ability to hydrolyze glycogen and starch to glucose enabled growth of Halomicrobium sp. LC1Hm in the absence of a chitin. These findings indicated that the nanohaloarchaeon-haloarchaeon association is both mutualistic and symbiotic; in this case, each microbe relies on its partner's ability to degrade different polysaccharides. This sug-gests, in turn, that other nano-sized archaeota may also be beneficial for their hosts. Given that availability of carbon substrates can vary both spatially and temporarily, the susceptibility of Halomicrobium to colonization by Ca. Nanohalobium can be interpreted as a strategy to maximize the long-term fitness of the host.
SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117 (33), pp. 20223–20234
Keywordshaloarchaeananohaloarchaeapolysaccharide utilizationsymbiosissolar salterns
JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
EditorThe Academy,, Washington, D.C., Stati Uniti d'America
Year2020
TypeArticolo in rivista
DOI10.1073/pnas.2007232117
AuthorsLa Cono, Violetta; Messina, Enzo; Rohde, Manfred; Arcadi, Erika; Ciordia, Sergio; Crisafi, Francesca; Denaro, Renata; Ferrer, Manuel; Giuliano, Laura; Golyshin, Peter N.; Golyshina, Olga, V; Hallsworth, John E.; La Spada, Gina; Mena, Maria C.; Merkel, Alexander Y.; Shevchenko, Margarita A.; Smedile, Francesco; Sorokin, Dimitry Y.; Toshchakov, Stepan, V; Yakimov, Michail M.
Text445525 2020 10.1073/pnas.2007232117 ISI Web of Science WOS 000566796300016 haloarchaea nanohaloarchaea polysaccharide utilization symbiosis solar salterns Symbiosis between nanohaloarchaeon and haloarchaeon is based on utilization of different polysaccharides La Cono, Violetta; Messina, Enzo; Rohde, Manfred; Arcadi, Erika; Ciordia, Sergio; Crisafi, Francesca; Denaro, Renata; Ferrer, Manuel; Giuliano, Laura; Golyshin, Peter N.; Golyshina, Olga, V; Hallsworth, John E.; La Spada, Gina; Mena, Maria C.; Merkel, Alexander Y.; Shevchenko, Margarita A.; Smedile, Francesco; Sorokin, Dimitry Y.; Toshchakov, Stepan, V; Yakimov, Michail M. Italian Natl Res Council; Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res; Spanish Natl Res Council; Spanish Natl Res Council; Mediterranean Sci Commiss CIESM; Bangor Univ; Queens Univ Belfast; Russian Acad Sci; Immanuel Kant Baltic Fed Univ; Delft Univ Technol; Kurchatov Inst Nano sized archaeota, with their small genomes and limited meta bolic capabilities, are known to associate with other microbes, thereby compensating for their own auxotrophies. These diminutive and yet ubiquitous organisms thrive in hypersaline habitats that they share with haloarchaea. Here, we reveal the genetic and physiological nature of a nanohaloarchaeon haloarchaeon association, with both microbes obtained from a solar saltern and reproducibly cultivated together in vitro. The nanohaloarchaeon Candidatus Nanohalobium constans LC1Nh is an aerotolerant, sugar fermenting anaerobe, lack ing key anabolic machinery and respiratory complexes. The nanoha loarchaeon cells are found physically connected to the chitinolytic haloarchaeon Halomicrobium sp. LC1Hm. Our experiments revealed that this haloarchaeon can hydrolyze chitin outside the cell to pro duce the monosaccharide N acetylglucosamine , using this beta glucan to obtain carbon and energy for growth. However, LC1Hm could not metabolize either glycogen or starch both alpha glucans or other polysaccharides tested. Remarkably, the nanohaloarchaeon s ability to hydrolyze glycogen and starch to glucose enabled growth of Halomicrobium sp. LC1Hm in the absence of a chitin. These findings indicated that the nanohaloarchaeon haloarchaeon association is both mutualistic and symbiotic; in this case, each microbe relies on its partner s ability to degrade different polysaccharides. This sug gests, in turn, that other nano sized archaeota may also be beneficial for their hosts. Given that availability of carbon substrates can vary both spatially and temporarily, the susceptibility of Halomicrobium to colonization by Ca. Nanohalobium can be interpreted as a strategy to maximize the long term fitness of the host. 117 Published version Symbiosis between nanohaloarchaeon and haloarchaeon is based on utilization of different polysaccharides PDF article La Cono et al 2020.pdf Supplementary Information for Symbiosis between nanohaloarchaeon and haloarchaeon is based on utilization of different polysaccharides PDF file pnas.2007232117.sapp.pdf Articolo in rivista The Academy, 0027 8424 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. PNAS LA SPADA GINA ARCADI ERIKA mikhail.iakimov IAKIMOV MIKHAIL renata.denaro DENARO RENATA violetta.lacono LA CONO VIOLETTA enzo.messina MESSINA ENZO francesco.smedile SMEDILE FRANCESCO francesca.crisafi CRISAFI FRANCESCA