| Abstract | The large-scale production of plastic and the resulting release of waste is leading to a huge accumulation of micro-sized particles in the environment that could have an impact on not only aquatic organisms but also on humans. Despite the extensive literature on the subject, there is still an insufficient harmonization of methodologies for the collection and analysis of microplastics (MPs) in complex matrices; especially for high density polymers; such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which tend to sink and accumulate in sediments, becoming available to benthonic organisms. In this article, mussels have been chosen as model for microplastic accumulation due to their extensive filtering activity and their wide distribution in both fresh and salt water basins. To facilitate the identification and quantification of microplastics taken up by mussels, novel fluorescent and metal-doped PVC microplastics (PVC-Platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) MPs in the size range of 100 µm) have been synthesized and characterized. For the analysis of the mussels following exposure, an enzymatic protocol using amylase, lipase, papain, and SDS for organic material digestion and a sucrose-ZnCl density gradient for the selective separation of ingested microplastics has been developed. The final identification of MPs was performed by fluorescence microscopy. This work can greatly benefit the scientific community by providing a means to study the behavior of PVC MPs, which represent an example of a very relevant yet poorly studied high density polymeric contaminant commonly found in complex environmental matrices. |
| Text | 439354 2020 10.3390/nano10122363 Scopus 2 s2.0 85096744694 Methods development metal doped PVC microplastics fluorescence mollusks bioaccumulation mussels Detection of metal doped fluorescent pvc microplastics in freshwater mussels Facchetti S.V.; La Spina R.; Fumagalli F.; Riccardi N.; Gilliland D.; Ponti J. Joint Research Centre JRC , European Commission, Ispra, 21027, Joint Research Centre JRC , European Commission, 21027, Ispra, Italy, , Italy; Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Research Council CNR , Pallanza, 28922, Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Research Council CNR , 28922, Pallanza, Italy, , Italy The large scale production of plastic and the resulting release of waste is leading to a huge accumulation of micro sized particles in the environment that could have an impact on not only aquatic organisms but also on humans. Despite the extensive literature on the subject, there is still an insufficient harmonization of methodologies for the collection and analysis of microplastics MPs in complex matrices; especially for high density polymers; such as polyvinyl chloride PVC , which tend to sink and accumulate in sediments, becoming available to benthonic organisms. In this article, mussels have been chosen as model for microplastic accumulation due to their extensive filtering activity and their wide distribution in both fresh and salt water basins. To facilitate the identification and quantification of microplastics taken up by mussels, novel fluorescent and metal doped PVC microplastics PVC Platinum octaethylporphyrin PtOEP MPs in the size range of 100 µm have been synthesized and characterized. For the analysis of the mussels following exposure, an enzymatic protocol using amylase, lipase, papain, and SDS for organic material digestion and a sucrose ZnCl density gradient for the selective separation of ingested microplastics has been developed. The final identification of MPs was performed by fluorescence microscopy. This work can greatly benefit the scientific community by providing a means to study the behavior of PVC MPs, which represent an example of a very relevant yet poorly studied high density polymeric contaminant commonly found in complex environmental matrices. 10 Postprint http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 85096744694 origin=inward Detection of Metal Doped Fluorescent PVC Microplastics in Freshwater Mussels pdf nanomaterials 10 02363.pdf Articolo in rivista MDPI 2079 4991 Nanomaterials Basel Nanomaterials Basel Nanomaterials Basel Nanomaterials. Basel nicolettarita.riccardi RICCARDI NICOLETTA RITA |
