| Title | Within- and Among-Clutch Variation of Yolk Perfluoroalkyl Acids in a Seabird from the Northern Adriatic Sea |
| Abstract | Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are surface-active agents used in diverse industrial and commercial applications. They contaminate both freshwater and marine ecosystems, are highly persistent, and accumulate through trophic transfer. Seabirds are exposed to environmental contaminants due to their high trophic position in food webs and relatively long lifespan. We measured levels of 10 perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in egg yolks of yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis) breeding in the northern Adriatic Sea (Northeast Italy). We examined variations in PFAAs within clutches (between eggs of different laying order) and among clutches. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the most abundant yolk PFAA (mean = 42.0 ng/g wet wt), followed by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; 3.8 ng/g wet wt) and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDa; 2.8 ng/g wet wt). The n-ary sumation PFAAs averaged 57.4 ng/g wet weight, ranging between 26.5 and 115.0 ng/g wet weight. The PFAA levels varied substantially among clutches (0.29-0.79 of the total variation), whereas the effects of laying order were considerably weaker (0.01-0.13). Egg-laying order effects were detected for n-ary sumation PFAAs, PFOS, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA), and PFDoDa, whereby the last-laid eggs exhibited lower PFAA concentrations than early-laid eggs. Our results indicate that seagulls from the northern Adriatic basin deposit measurable amounts of PFAAs in their eggs. The large among-clutches differences in PFAAs suggest that exposure of yellow-legged gull females to these compounds is highly variable.Environ Toxicol Chem2020;00:1-10. (c) 2020 SETAC |
| Source | Environmental toxicology and chemistry 40 (3), pp. 744–753 |
| Keywords | Egg yolkLaying orderLarus michahellisPerfluoroalkyl acids |
| Journal | Environmental toxicology and chemistry |
| Editor | Pergamon,, New York, Stati Uniti d'America |
| Year | 2021 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| DOI | 10.1002/etc.4833 |
| Authors | Parolini, Marco; Cappelli, Francesca; De Felice, Beatrice; Possenti, Cristina Daniela; Rubolini, Diego; Valsecchi, Sara; Polesello, Stefano |
| Text | 438026 2021 10.1002/etc.4833 ISI Web of Science WOS WOS 000566822900001 Scopus 2 s2.0 85090432261 Egg yolk Laying order Larus michahellis Perfluoroalkyl acids Within and Among Clutch Variation of Yolk Perfluoroalkyl Acids in a Seabird from the Northern Adriatic Sea Parolini, Marco; Cappelli, Francesca; De Felice, Beatrice; Possenti, Cristina Daniela; Rubolini, Diego; Valsecchi, Sara; Polesello, Stefano Univ Milan; Natl Res Council Italy; Natl Res Council Italy; Natl Res Council Italy; Univ Insubria Perfluoroalkyl substances PFAS are surface active agents used in diverse industrial and commercial applications. They contaminate both freshwater and marine ecosystems, are highly persistent, and accumulate through trophic transfer. Seabirds are exposed to environmental contaminants due to their high trophic position in food webs and relatively long lifespan. We measured levels of 10 perfluoroalkyl acids PFAAs in egg yolks of yellow legged gulls Larus michahellis breeding in the northern Adriatic Sea Northeast Italy . We examined variations in PFAAs within clutches between eggs of different laying order and among clutches. Perfluorooctane sulfonate PFOS was the most abundant yolk PFAA mean = 42.0 ng/g wet wt , followed by perfluorooctanoic acid PFOA; 3.8 ng/g wet wt and perfluorododecanoic acid PFDoDa; 2.8 ng/g wet wt . The n ary sumation PFAAs averaged 57.4 ng/g wet weight, ranging between 26.5 and 115.0 ng/g wet weight. The PFAA levels varied substantially among clutches 0.29 0.79 of the total variation , whereas the effects of laying order were considerably weaker 0.01 0.13 . Egg laying order effects were detected for n ary sumation PFAAs, PFOS, perfluorononanoic acid PFNA , perfluorodecanoic acid PFDA , perfluoroundecanoic acid PFUnA , and PFDoDa, whereby the last laid eggs exhibited lower PFAA concentrations than early laid eggs. Our results indicate that seagulls from the northern Adriatic basin deposit measurable amounts of PFAAs in their eggs. The large among clutches differences in PFAAs suggest that exposure of yellow legged gull females to these compounds is highly variable.Environ Toxicol Chem2020;00 1 10. c 2020 SETAC 40 Postprint articolo 2021_Parolini_etc.4833.pdf Articolo in rivista Pergamon, 0730 7268 Environmental toxicology and chemistry Environmental toxicology and chemistry Environ. toxicol. chem. Environmental toxicology and chemistry CAPPELLI FRANCESCA stefano.polesello POLESELLO STEFANO saramaria.valsecchi VALSECCHI SARA MARIA |
