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TitleGeneration and dispersion of chemical and biological gradients in a large-deep multi-basin lake (Lake Como, north Italy): The joint effect of external drivers and internal wave motions
AbstractThe formation of chemical and biological heterogeneity in lakes can be favored by physical and morphometric constrains. This study describes the results of four whole-lake field campaigns carried out in Lake Como (north Italy) during thermal stratification. The aim was to analyze the distribution of chemical-biological variables in a multi-basin lake as a result of internal and external physical drivers and constrains. Lake Como has a y-like shape encompassing three main sub-basins: northern, south-eastern, and south-western. Field data underlined: the presence of chemical-biological gradients between the south-western basin and the rest of the lake and the propagation of a fresher water-plume (formed by the two main northern inflows) into the northern basin and then into the south-western closed arm. The use of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model showed a periodic movement of this plume that tends to enter the south-western basin first and then to return toward north, moving forward and back through the junction of the three arms. The entrance into the eastern basin, instead, occurs only secondarily. Wavelet transform analysis revealed common periodicity between the plume movement and the action of different external and internal lake-stressors, including: the discharge of the main inflow (period centered at 1, 3.3, and 6.5 day), the wind intensity (0.5 and 1 day) and the two main basin-scale internal wave motions: (3.3 day and 7.1 day). The periodic movement of the fresher water-plume enhances the water exchange and reduces the chemical-biological gradients between the western closed basin and the main lake, playing a crucial role in distributing both inorganic and organic materials at the lake basin-scale.
SourceScience of the total environment 749
Keywords3D hydrodynamic modellingChemical-biological gradientsInternal wavesMulti-basin lakesThermal stratificationWavelet analysis
JournalScience of the total environment
EditorElsevier, Lausanne ;, Paesi Bassi
Year2020
TypeArticolo in rivista
DOI10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141587
AuthorsCopetti, Diego; Guyennon, Nicolas; Buzzi, Fabio
Text431567 2020 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141587 Scopus 2 s2.0 85089424616 3D hydrodynamic modelling Chemical biological gradients Internal waves Multi basin lakes Thermal stratification Wavelet analysis Generation and dispersion of chemical and biological gradients in a large deep multi basin lake Lake Como, north Italy The joint effect of external drivers and internal wave motions Copetti, Diego; Guyennon, Nicolas; Buzzi, Fabio Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque, Italy; ARPA Lombardia The formation of chemical and biological heterogeneity in lakes can be favored by physical and morphometric constrains. This study describes the results of four whole lake field campaigns carried out in Lake Como north Italy during thermal stratification. The aim was to analyze the distribution of chemical biological variables in a multi basin lake as a result of internal and external physical drivers and constrains. Lake Como has a y like shape encompassing three main sub basins northern, south eastern, and south western. Field data underlined the presence of chemical biological gradients between the south western basin and the rest of the lake and the propagation of a fresher water plume formed by the two main northern inflows into the northern basin and then into the south western closed arm. The use of a three dimensional hydrodynamic model showed a periodic movement of this plume that tends to enter the south western basin first and then to return toward north, moving forward and back through the junction of the three arms. The entrance into the eastern basin, instead, occurs only secondarily. Wavelet transform analysis revealed common periodicity between the plume movement and the action of different external and internal lake stressors, including the discharge of the main inflow period centered at 1, 3.3, and 6.5 day , the wind intensity 0.5 and 1 day and the two main basin scale internal wave motions 3.3 day and 7.1 day . The periodic movement of the fresher water plume enhances the water exchange and reduces the chemical biological gradients between the western closed basin and the main lake, playing a crucial role in distributing both inorganic and organic materials at the lake basin scale. 749 Preprint http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 85089424616 origin=inward Uncorrected proof Bozza non corretta dell articolo UncorrectedProf_pagination_STOTEN_141587_Proof1_Submitted.pdf Articolo in rivista Elsevier 0048 9697 Science of the total environment Science of the total environment Sci. total environ. diego.copetti COPETTI DIEGO nicolasdominique.guyennon GUYENNON NICOLAS DOMINIQUE DTA.AD002.026.001 GESTIONE SOSTENIBILE DEGLI ECOSISTEMI ACQUATICI E RISPOSTA AGLI IMPATTI DI ORIGINE NATURALE ED ANTROPICA MONTEROTONDO BRUGHERIO BARI