| Title | Genomic Comparison and Spatial Distribution of Different Synechococcus Phylotypes in the Black Sea |
| Abstract | Picocyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus are major contributors to global primary production and nutrient cycles due to their oxygenic photoautotrophy, their abundance, and the extensive distribution made possible by their wide-ranging biochemical capabilities. The recent recovery and isolation of strains from the deep euxinic waters of the Black Sea encouraged us to expand our analysis of their adaptability also beyond the photic zone of aquatic environments. To this end, we quantified the total abundance and distribution of Synechococcus along the whole vertical profile of the Black Sea by flow cytometry, and analyzed the data obtained in light of key environmental factors. Furthermore, we designed phylotype-specific primers using the genomes of two new epipelagic coastal strains - first described here - and of two previously described mesopelagic strains, analyzed their presence/abundance by qPCR, and tested this parameter also in metagenomes from two stations at different depths. Together, whole genome sequencing, metagenomics and qPCR techniques provide us with a higher resolution of Synechococcus dynamics in the Black Sea. Both phylotypes analyzed are abundant and successful in epipelagic coastal waters; but while the newly described epipelagic strains are specifically adapted to this environment, the strains previously isolated in mesopelagic waters are able, in low numbers, to withstand the aphotic and oxygen depleted conditions of deep layers. This heterogeneity allows different Synechococcus phylotypes to occupy different niches and underscores the importance of a more detailed characterization of the abundance, distribution, and dynamics of individual populations of these picocyanobacteria. |
| Source | Frontiers in microbiology |
| Keywords | marine Synechococcus spp.rpoC1qPCRmesopelagic Black Seaepipelagic Black Sea |
| Journal | Frontiers in microbiology |
| Editor | Frontiers Research Foundation,, Lausanne, Svizzera |
| Year | 2020 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| Authors | Andrea Di Cesare1, Nina Dzhembekova2, Pedro J. Cabello-Yeves3, Ester M. Eckert1, Violeta Slabakova2, Nataliya Slabakova2, Elisaveta Peneva4, Roberto Bertoni1, Gianluca Corno1, Michaela M. Salcher5, Lyudmila Kamburska1, Filippo Bertoni6, Francisco Rodriguez-Valera3,7, Snejana Moncheva2 and Cristiana Callieri1 |
| Text | 428903 2020 marine Synechococcus spp. rpoC1 qPCR mesopelagic Black Sea epipelagic Black Sea Genomic Comparison and Spatial Distribution of Different Synechococcus Phylotypes in the Black Sea Andrea Di Cesare1, Nina Dzhembekova2, Pedro J. Cabello Yeves3, Ester M. Eckert1, Violeta Slabakova2, Nataliya Slabakova2, Elisaveta Peneva4, Roberto Bertoni1, Gianluca Corno1, Michaela M. Salcher5, Lyudmila Kamburska1, Filippo Bertoni6, Francisco Rodriguez Valera3,7, Snejana Moncheva2 and Cristiana Callieri1 1National Research Council CNR , Institute of Water Research IRSA , Verbania, Italy 2Institute of Oceanology Fridtjof Nansen Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Varna, Bulgaria 3Evolutionary Genomics Group, Departamento de Produccion Vegetal y Microbiologia, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, San Juan de Alicante, Spain 4Faculty of Physics, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski , Sofia, Bulgaria 5Biology Centre Czech Academy of Science CAS , Institute of Hydrobiology, Czechia 6Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany 7Laboratory for Theoretical and Computer Studies of Biological Macromolecules and Genomes, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia Picocyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus are major contributors to global primary production and nutrient cycles due to their oxygenic photoautotrophy, their abundance, and the extensive distribution made possible by their wide ranging biochemical capabilities. The recent recovery and isolation of strains from the deep euxinic waters of the Black Sea encouraged us to expand our analysis of their adaptability also beyond the photic zone of aquatic environments. To this end, we quantified the total abundance and distribution of Synechococcus along the whole vertical profile of the Black Sea by flow cytometry, and analyzed the data obtained in light of key environmental factors. Furthermore, we designed phylotype specific primers using the genomes of two new epipelagic coastal strains first described here and of two previously described mesopelagic strains, analyzed their presence/abundance by qPCR, and tested this parameter also in metagenomes from two stations at different depths. Together, whole genome sequencing, metagenomics and qPCR techniques provide us with a higher resolution of Synechococcus dynamics in the Black Sea. Both phylotypes analyzed are abundant and successful in epipelagic coastal waters; but while the newly described epipelagic strains are specifically adapted to this environment, the strains previously isolated in mesopelagic waters are able, in low numbers, to withstand the aphotic and oxygen depleted conditions of deep layers. This heterogeneity allows different Synechococcus phylotypes to occupy different niches and underscores the importance of a more detailed characterization of the abundance, distribution, and dynamics of individual populations of these picocyanobacteria. Published version https //www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01979/full Articolo in rivista Frontiers Research Foundation, 1664 302X Frontiers in microbiology Frontiers in microbiology Front. microbiol. Frontiers in microbiology roberto.bertoni BERTONI ROBERTO cristiana.callieri CALLIERI CRISTIANA gianluca.corno CORNO GIANLUCA andrea.dicesare DI CESARE ANDREA estermaria.eckert ECKERT ESTER MARIA lyudmilatodorova.kamburska KAMBURSKA LYUDMILA TODOROVA |
