| Text | 42288 2008 10.1289/ehp.11310 ISI Web of Science WOS 000260521500033 Meeting Report Risk Assessment of Tamiflu Use Under Pandemic Conditions SINGER A.C 1 ; HOWARD B.M. 2 ; JOHNSON A.C. 3 ; KNOWLES C.J. 2 ; JACKMAN S. 2 ; ACCINELLI C. 4 ; BARRA CARACCIOLO A. 5 ; BERNARD I. 2 ; BIRD S. 6 ; BOUCARD T. 7 ; BOXALL A. 8 ; BRIAN J.V. 9 ; CARTMELL E. 10 ; CHUBB C. 11 ; CHURCHLEY J. 12 ; COSTIGAN S. 13 ; CRANE M. 14 ; DEMPSEY M.J. 15 ; DORRINGTON b. 16 ; ELLOR B. 17 ; FICK J. 18 ; HOLMES J. 19 ; HUTCHINSON T. 20 ; KARCHER F. 21 ; KELLEHER S.L. 15 ; MARSDEN P. 22 ; NOONE G. 23 ; NUNN M.A. 1 ; OXFORD J. 24 ; RACHWAL T. 25 ; ROBERTS N. 26 ; ROBERTS M. 27 ; SACCA M.L. 4 ; SANDERS M. 28 ; STRAUB J.O. 26 ; TERRY A. 29 ; THOMAS D. 27 ; TOOVEY S. 26 ; TOWNSEND R. 30 ; VOULVOULIS N. 31 ; WATTS C. 14 1 Centre for Ecology Hydrology, Oxford, United Kingdom; 2 Environmental Knowledge Transfer Network, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; 3 Centre for Ecology Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom; 4 University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; 5 Italian National Research Council, Rome, Italy; 6 South West Water, Exeter, United Kingdom; 7 Environment Agency, Wallingford, United Kingdom; 8 University of York, York, United Kingdom; 9 Brunel University, London, United Kingdom; 10 Cran field University, Cran field, United Kingdom; 11 Environment Agency, Bristol, United Kingdom; 12 Severn Trent Water, Coventry, United Kingdom; 13 UK Government Department of Health, London, United Kingdom; 14 WCA Environment Ltd., Faringdon, United Kingdom; 15 Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom; 16 Northumbrian Water Group Essex Suffolk Water , Chelmsford, United Kingdom; 17 United Utilities, Warrington, United Kingdom; 18 Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 19 University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; 20 AstraZeneca, Brixham, Devon, United Kingdom; 21 Health Threats Unit, European Commission, Luxembourg; 22 Drinking Water Inspectorate, London, United Kingdom; 23 Worshipful Company of Water Conservators, London, United Kingdom; 24 Retroscreen Ltd./Barts and The London, Queen Mary s School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom; 25 Independent Consultant, West Molesey, Surrey, United Kingdom; 26 F.Hoffmann La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland; 27 UK Government Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, London, United Kingdom; 28 Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, United Kingdom; 29 Cambridge Environmental Assessments, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 30 Royal Society of Chemistry, London, United Kingdom; 31 Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom On 3 October 2007, 40 participants with diverse expertise attended the workshop Tamiflu and the Environment Implications of Use under Pandemic Conditions to assess the potential human health impact and environmental hazards associated with use of Tamiflu during an influenza pandemic. Based on the identification and risk ranking of knowledge gaps, the consensus was that oseltamivir ethylester phosphate OE P and oseltamivir carboxylate OC were unlikely to pose an ecotoxicologic hazard to freshwater organisms. OC in river water might hasten the generation of OCresistance in wildfowl, but this possibility seems less likely than the potential disruption that could be posed by OC and other pharmaceuticals to the operation of sewage treatment plants. The workgroup members agreed on the following research priorities a available data on the ecotoxicology of OE P and OC should be published; b risk should be assessed for OC contaminated river water generating OC resistant viruses in wildfowl; c sewage treatment plant functioning due to microbialinhibition by neuraminidase inhibitors and other antimicrobials used during a pandemic should beinvestigated; and d realistic worst case exposure scenarios should be developed. Additional modelingwould be useful to identify localized areas within river catchments that might be prone to high pharmaceutical concentrations in sewage treatment plant effluent. Ongoing seasonal use of Tamiflu in Japan offers opportunities for researchers to assess how much OC enters and persists in the aquatic environment. Key words antiviral, drug, ecotoxicology, influenza, pandemic, pharmaceutical, pollution, sewage treatment plant, Tamiflu. 116 Articolo pubblicato EnvPerspectiveTamiflu2008.pdf Articolo in rivista U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 0091 6765 Environmental health perspectives Environmental health perspectives Environ. health perspect. Environmental health perspectives EHP anna.barracaracciolo BARRA CARACCIOLO ANNA TA.P04.005.007 Strumenti di mitigazione dello stress quali quantitativo per i sistemi idrici |
