| Title | SIMAZINE BIODEGRADATION IN SOIL: ANALYSIS OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE BY IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION |
| Abstract | Pesticide and nitrate contamination of soil and groundwater from agriculture is an
environmental and public health concern worldwide. Simazine, 6-chloro-N 2 ,N 4 -diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-
diamine, is a triazine herbicide used in agriculture for selective weed control with several types of
crops and it is frequently applied to soils receiving N-fertilizers. Degradation experiments were performed
in the laboratory to assess whether the biodegradation of simazine in soil may be influenced by the
presence of urea. Simazine degradation rates under different experimental conditions (presence/absence
of urea, microbiologically active/sterilized soil) were assessed together with the formation, degradation
and transformation of its main metabolites in soil. Simazine degradation was affected by the presence of
urea, in terms both of a smaller half-life (t1 2) and of a higher amount of desethyl-simazine formed. The soil
bacterial community was also studied. Microbial abundances were determined by epifluorescence direct
counting. Moreover in situ hybridization with rRNA-targeted fluorescent oligonucleotide probes was used
to analyze the bacterial community structure. Fluorescent in situhybridization (FISH) was used to detect
specific groups of bacteria such as the ? ,,-subdivisions of Proteobacteria, Gram-positive bacteria
with a high G +C DNA content, Planctomycetes, Betaproteobacterial ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and
nitrifying bacteria. The presence of the herbicide and/or urea affected the bacterial community structure,
showing that FISH is a valuable tool for determining the response of bacterial populations to different
environmental conditions. |
| Source | Pest management science (Print) 61 (7), pp. 863–869 |
| Journal | Pest management science (Print) |
| Editor | Published for SCI by Wiley,, West Sussex, UK, Regno Unito |
| Year | 2005 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| DOI | 10.1002/ps.1096 |
| Authors | BARRA CARACCIOLO A. (1); GRENNI P. (1); CICCOLI R. (2); DI LANDA G. (2); CREMISINI C. (2) |
| Text | 42160 2005 10.1002/ps.1096 PubMed 16015577 ISI Web of Science WOS 000231575900006 SIMAZINE BIODEGRADATION IN SOIL ANALYSIS OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE BY IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION BARRA CARACCIOLO A. 1 ; GRENNI P. 1 ; CICCOLI R. 2 ; DI LANDA G. 2 ; CREMISINI C. 2 1 Water Research Institute, National Research Council, Rome, Italy; 2 Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Environment, Rome, Italy Pesticide and nitrate contamination of soil and groundwater from agriculture is an environmental and public health concern worldwide. Simazine, 6 chloro N 2 ,N 4 diethyl 1,3,5 triazine 2,4 diamine, is a triazine herbicide used in agriculture for selective weed control with several types of crops and it is frequently applied to soils receiving N fertilizers. Degradation experiments were performed in the laboratory to assess whether the biodegradation of simazine in soil may be influenced by the presence of urea. Simazine degradation rates under different experimental conditions presence/absence of urea, microbiologically active/sterilized soil were assessed together with the formation, degradation and transformation of its main metabolites in soil. Simazine degradation was affected by the presence of urea, in terms both of a smaller half life t1 2 and of a higher amount of desethyl simazine formed. The soil bacterial community was also studied. Microbial abundances were determined by epifluorescence direct counting. Moreover in situ hybridization with rRNA targeted fluorescent oligonucleotide probes was used to analyze the bacterial community structure. Fluorescent in situhybridization FISH was used to detect specific groups of bacteria such as the ,, subdivisions of Proteobacteria, Gram positive bacteria with a high G C DNA content, Planctomycetes, Betaproteobacterial ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria. The presence of the herbicide and/or urea affected the bacterial community structure, showing that FISH is a valuable tool for determining the response of bacterial populations to different environmental conditions. 61 http //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16015577 Articolo pubblicato PestManScience2005.pdf Articolo in rivista Published for SCI by Wiley, 1526 498X Pest management science Print Pest management science Print Pest manag. sci. Print Pest management science. Print Pest manag sci Print paola.grenni GRENNI PAOLA anna.barracaracciolo BARRA CARACCIOLO ANNA TA.P04.005.005 Gestione integrata delle informazioni ambientali |
