| Text | 421005 2019 10.34049/bcc.51.B.002 Scopus 2 s2.0 85078830447 Biodiesel calcium oxide heterogenous catalysts avocado seeds FFAs Synthesis, characterization and applications of carbon based calcium catalysts deriving from avocado seeds for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil di Bitonto L.; Reynel Avila H.E.; Mendoza Castillo D.I.; Bonilla Petriciolet A.; Duran Valle C.J.; Pastore C. Water Research Institute IRSA , National Research Council CNR , via F. de Blasio 5, Bari, 70132, Water Research Institute IRSA , National Research Council CNR , via F. de Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy, , , Italy; Water Research Institute IRSA , National Research Council CNR , via F. de Blasio 5, Bari, 70132, Water Research Institute IRSA , National Research Council CNR , via F. de Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy, , , Italy; Instituto Tecnologico de Aguascalientes, Av. Adolfo Lopez Mateos #1801 Ote., Aguascalientes, 20256, Instituto Tecnologico de Aguascalientes, Av. Adolfo Lopez Mateos #1801 Ote., Aguascalientes 20256, Mexico, , Mexico; Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and ACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Avd. Elvas S/N, Badajoz, 06006, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and ACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Avd. Elvas S/N, 06006 Badajoz, Spain, , Spain In this work, avocado seeds were successfully used as precursors to produce carbon based calcium catalysts for biodiesel production. The catalysts were synthetized via precipitation method, by loading different amounts of calcium nitrate on carbonized supports obtained by pyrolysis under nitrogen flow of dried biomass. The effect of Ca loaded on the structure and the activity of the catalysts for biodiesel synthesis from sunflower oil with methanol was investigated. Results showed that supported catalyst loaded with 20%wt of Ca, efficiently promote the trans esterification process FAMEs content >80% with the catalyst that was easily recovered and reused. Reaction conditions were then optimised using the desirability function applied on the response surface methodology analysis of a Box Behnken factorial design of experiments. Finally, the optimized conditions were adopted on several non edible oils with Free Fatty Acids content range between 1 and 15 mg KOH/g. In all cases, a FAMEs content >95% was in any case obtained. 51 Published version http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 85078830447 origin=inward Articolo in rivista Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 0861 9808 Bulgarian Chemical Communications Bulgarian Chemical Communications Bulg. Chem. Commun. carlo.pastore PASTORE CARLO IProPBio Integrated Process and Product Design for Sustainable Biorefineries TA.P07.001.005 Recupero di risorse da rifiuti e biomasse |
