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DatoValore
TitleProcess intensification for the production of the ethyl esters of volatile fatty acids using aluminium chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst
AbstractA new process for obtaining the ethyl esters of volatile fatty acids with ethanol by using aluminium chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst is proposed. Aluminium chloride not only exhibits good activity, composition equilibrium is achieved within 3-4 h at 343 K, but also induces a phase separation with a convenient distribution of the components. In fact, more than 99 %wt of the ethyl esters, together with most of the unreacted acid and ethanol, were found in the upper layer, which was well separated from the bottom phase, which contained the co-formed water and over 97.8 %wt of the catalyst. The intensification of this reaction and separation was thoroughly investigated and the operational conditions optimised. The effects of this separation on the purification of the final ethyl esters is fully investigated. A new configuration of unit operations is designed for the specific production of ethyl acetate, simulated through Aspen Plus V9® and compared with the current industrial process based on sulfuric acid catalysis. The overall production and purification of ethyl acetate is economically competitive, reduces the energy requirements by more than 50%, and is potentially a zero-waste process, resulting in cleaner production.
SourceJournal of cleaner production 239
KeywordsBio-based solventsDirect esterificationEthyl estersProcess design and simulationProcess intensification
JournalJournal of cleaner production
EditorButterworth-Heinemann,, Oxford, Regno Unito
Year2019
TypeArticolo in rivista
DOI10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118122
Authorsdi Bitonto, Luigi; Menegatti, Sandro; Pastore, Carlo
Text414486 2019 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118122 Scopus 2 s2.0 85071239897 ISI Web of Science WOS WOS 000487237100023 Bio based solvents Direct esterification Ethyl esters Process design and simulation Process intensification Process intensification for the production of the ethyl esters of volatile fatty acids using aluminium chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst di Bitonto, Luigi; Menegatti, Sandro; Pastore, Carlo Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque, Bari A new process for obtaining the ethyl esters of volatile fatty acids with ethanol by using aluminium chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst is proposed. Aluminium chloride not only exhibits good activity, composition equilibrium is achieved within 3 4 h at 343 K, but also induces a phase separation with a convenient distribution of the components. In fact, more than 99 %wt of the ethyl esters, together with most of the unreacted acid and ethanol, were found in the upper layer, which was well separated from the bottom phase, which contained the co formed water and over 97.8 %wt of the catalyst. The intensification of this reaction and separation was thoroughly investigated and the operational conditions optimised. The effects of this separation on the purification of the final ethyl esters is fully investigated. A new configuration of unit operations is designed for the specific production of ethyl acetate, simulated through Aspen Plus V9® and compared with the current industrial process based on sulfuric acid catalysis. The overall production and purification of ethyl acetate is economically competitive, reduces the energy requirements by more than 50%, and is potentially a zero waste process, resulting in cleaner production. 239 Published version https //www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652619329920 Process intensification for the production of the ethyl esters of volatile fatty acids using aluminium chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst Process intensification for the production of the ethyl esters of volatile fatty acids using aluminium chloride hexahydrate as a catalyst di Bitonto et al JCl prod.pdf Articolo in rivista Butterworth Heinemann, 0959 6526 Journal of cleaner production Journal of cleaner production J. clean. prod. Journal of cleaner production. DI BITONTO LUIGI carlo.pastore PASTORE CARLO sandro.menegatti MENEGATTI SANDRO RES URBIS REsources from URban BIo waSte TA.P07.001.005 Recupero di risorse da rifiuti e biomasse