| Abstract | Laboratory and field studies were used to evaluate the performance of low-density polyethylene (PE)
passive samplers for assessing the freely dissolved concentrations of DDT and its degradates (DDD and
DDE, together referred to as DDx) in an Italian lake environment. We tested commercially available
25 mm thick PE sheets as well as specially synthesized, 10 mm thick PE films which equilibrated with their
surroundings more quickly. We measured PE-water partitioning coefficients (Kpew) of the 10 mm thick PE
films, finding good correspondence with previously reported values for thicker PE. Use of the 10 mmPE
for ex situ sampling of a lake sediment containing DDx in laboratory tumbling experiments showed
repeatability of ±15% (¼ standard deviation/mean). Next, we deployed replicate 10 mm and 25 mmPE
samplers (N ¼ 4 for 10 d and for 30 d) in the water and sediment of a lake located in northern Italy; the
results showed dissolved DDx concentrations in the picogram/L range in porewater and the bottom
water. Values deduced from 10 mm thick PE films compared well (95% of all comparison pairs matched
within a factor of 5) with those obtained using PE films of 25 mm thickness when dissolved DDx concentrations
were estimated using performance reference compound (PRC) corrections, whether left at
the bed-water interface for 10 or 30 days. These results demonstrated the potential of this sampling
method to provide estimation of the truly dissolved DDx concentrations, and thereby the mobile and bioavailable
fractions in both surface waters and sediment beds. |
| Text | 384671 2018 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.077 Scopus 2 s2.0 85042468925 passive sampling polyethylene performance reference compounds DDT Lake sediments Performance of passive sampling with low density polyethylene membranes for the estimation of freely dissolved DDx concentrations in lake environments Borrelli R.; Tcaciuc A.P.; Verginelli I.; Baciocchi R.; Guzzella L.; Cesti P.; Zaninetta L.; Gschwend P.M. Renewable Energy Environmental R D Center Istituto eni Donegani, Via G. Fauser 4, Novara, 28100, , Italy; Gradient, Cambridge, MA, , United States; Department of Civil Engineering and Computer Science Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Via del Politecnico 1, Rome, , Italy; Water Research Institute IRSA of the Italian National Research Council CNR , Brugherio, , , Italy; Water Research Institute IRSA of the Italian National Research Council CNR , Brugherio, , , Italy; Syndial, Piazza M. Boldrini 1, San Donato Milanese, 20097, , Italy; Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, , United States Laboratory and field studies were used to evaluate the performance of low density polyethylene PE passive samplers for assessing the freely dissolved concentrations of DDT and its degradates DDD and DDE, together referred to as DDx in an Italian lake environment. We tested commercially available 25 mm thick PE sheets as well as specially synthesized, 10 mm thick PE films which equilibrated with their surroundings more quickly. We measured PE water partitioning coefficients Kpew of the 10 mm thick PE films, finding good correspondence with previously reported values for thicker PE. Use of the 10 mmPE for ex situ sampling of a lake sediment containing DDx in laboratory tumbling experiments showed repeatability of ±15% ¼ standard deviation/mean . Next, we deployed replicate 10 mm and 25 mmPE samplers N ¼ 4 for 10 d and for 30 d in the water and sediment of a lake located in northern Italy; the results showed dissolved DDx concentrations in the picogram/L range in porewater and the bottom water. Values deduced from 10 mm thick PE films compared well 95% of all comparison pairs matched within a factor of 5 with those obtained using PE films of 25 mm thickness when dissolved DDx concentrations were estimated using performance reference compound PRC corrections, whether left at the bed water interface for 10 or 30 days. These results demonstrated the potential of this sampling method to provide estimation of the truly dissolved DDx concentrations, and thereby the mobile and bioavailable fractions in both surface waters and sediment beds. 200 Published version http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 85042468925 origin=inward Passive sampler Chemosphere 2018.pdf Articolo in rivista Elsevier 0045 6535 Chemosphere Chemosphere Chemosphere Chemosphere. Chemosphere. Environmental chemistry, Chemosphere. Persistent organic pollutants and dioxins, Chemosphere. Environmental toxicology and risk assessment, Chemosphere. Science for Environmental toxicology, liciamaria.guzzella GUZZELLA LICIA MARIA |
