| Title | Characteristics of meiofauna in extreme marine ecosystems: a review |
| Abstract | Extreme marine environments cover more than 50% of the Earth's surface and offer many opportunities for investigating the biological responses and adaptations of organisms to stressful life conditions. Extreme marine environments are sometimes associated with ephemeral and unstable ecosystems, but can host abundant, often endemic and well-adapted meiofaunal species. In this review, we present an integrated view of the biodiversity, ecology and physiological responses of marine meiofauna inhabiting several extreme marine environments (mangroves, submarine caves, Polar ecosystems, hypersaline areas, hypoxic/anoxic environments, hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, carcasses/sunken woods, deep-sea canyons, deep hypersaline anoxic basins [DHABs] and hadal zones). Foraminiferans, nematodes and copepods are abundant in almost all of these habitats and are dominant in deep-sea ecosystems. The presence and dominance of some other taxa that are normally less common may be typical of certain extreme conditions. Kinorhynchs are particularly well adapted to cold seeps and other environments that experience drastic changes in salinity, rotifers are well represented in polar ecosystems and loriciferans seem to be the only metazoan able to survive multiple stressors in DHABs. As well as natural processes, human activities may generate stressful conditions, including deoxygenation, acidification and rises in temperature. The behaviour and physiology of different meiofaunal taxa, such as some foraminiferans, nematode and copepod species, can provide vital information on how organisms may respond to these challenges and can provide a warning signal of anthropogenic impacts. From an evolutionary perspective, the discovery of new meiofauna taxa from extreme environments very often sheds light on phylogenetic relationships, while understanding how meiofaunal organisms are able to survive or even flourish in these conditions can explain evolutionary pathways. Finally, there are multiple potential economic benefits to be gained from ecological, biological, physiological and evolutionary studies of meiofauna in extreme environments. Despite all the advantages offered by meiofauna studies from extreme environments, there is still an urgent need to foster meiofauna research in terms of composition, ecology, biology and physiology focusing on extreme environments. |
| Source | Marine biodiversity (Print) in press |
| Keywords | Anoxic and hypoxic zonesCarcasses and sunken woodsCold seepsDeep hypersaline anoxic basins (DHABs)Deep seaExtreme environmentsHadal zonesHydrothermal ventsHypersaline areasMangrovesMeiofaunaMelting icePolar ecosystemsSubmarine canyonsSubmarine caves |
| Journal | Marine biodiversity (Print) |
| Editor | Springer, Heidelberg ;, Germania |
| Year | 2018 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12526-017-0815-z |
| Authors | Zeppilli, Daniela; Leduc, Daniel; Fontanier, Christophe; Fontaneto, Diego; Fuchs, Sandra; Gooday, Andrew J.; Goineau, Aurélie; Ingels, Jeroen; Ivanenko, Viatcheslav N.; Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg; Neves, Ricardo Cardoso; Sanchez, Nuria; Sandulli, Roberto; Sarrazin, Jozée; Sørensen, Martin V.; Tasiemski, Aurélie; Vanreusel, Ann; Autret, Marine; Bourdonnay, Louis; Claireaux, Marion; Coquillé, Valérie; de Wever, Lisa; Rachel, Durand; Marchant, James; Toomey, Lola; Fernandes, David |
| Text | 379775 2018 10.1007/s12526 017 0815 z Scopus 2 s2.0 85034217793 Anoxic and hypoxic zones Carcasses and sunken woods Cold seeps Deep hypersaline anoxic basins DHABs Deep sea Extreme environments Hadal zones Hydrothermal vents Hypersaline areas Mangroves Meiofauna Melting ice Polar ecosystems Submarine canyons Submarine caves Characteristics of meiofauna in extreme marine ecosystems a review Zeppilli, Daniela; Leduc, Daniel; Fontanier, Christophe; Fontaneto, Diego; Fuchs, Sandra; Gooday, Andrew J.; Goineau, Aurelie; Ingels, Jeroen; Ivanenko, Viatcheslav N.; Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg; Neves, Ricardo Cardoso; Sanchez, Nuria; Sandulli, Roberto; Sarrazin, Jozee; Sørensen, Martin V.; Tasiemski, Aurelie; Vanreusel, Ann; Autret, Marine; Bourdonnay, Louis; Claireaux, Marion; Coquille, Valerie; de Wever, Lisa; Rachel, Durand; Marchant, James; Toomey, Lola; Fernandes, David IFREMER Centre de Brest; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, New Zealand; IFREMER Centre de Brest; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; University of Southampton; Florida State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Kobenhavns Universitet; Biozentrum University of Basel; Universita degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope; Unite Evolution, Ecologie et Paleontologie; Universiteit Gent; Institut Univesitaire Europeen de la Mer; IFREMER Centre de Brest Extreme marine environments cover more than 50% of the Earth s surface and offer many opportunities for investigating the biological responses and adaptations of organisms to stressful life conditions. Extreme marine environments are sometimes associated with ephemeral and unstable ecosystems, but can host abundant, often endemic and well adapted meiofaunal species. In this review, we present an integrated view of the biodiversity, ecology and physiological responses of marine meiofauna inhabiting several extreme marine environments mangroves, submarine caves, Polar ecosystems, hypersaline areas, hypoxic/anoxic environments, hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, carcasses/sunken woods, deep sea canyons, deep hypersaline anoxic basins DHABs and hadal zones . Foraminiferans, nematodes and copepods are abundant in almost all of these habitats and are dominant in deep sea ecosystems. The presence and dominance of some other taxa that are normally less common may be typical of certain extreme conditions. Kinorhynchs are particularly well adapted to cold seeps and other environments that experience drastic changes in salinity, rotifers are well represented in polar ecosystems and loriciferans seem to be the only metazoan able to survive multiple stressors in DHABs. As well as natural processes, human activities may generate stressful conditions, including deoxygenation, acidification and rises in temperature. The behaviour and physiology of different meiofaunal taxa, such as some foraminiferans, nematode and copepod species, can provide vital information on how organisms may respond to these challenges and can provide a warning signal of anthropogenic impacts. From an evolutionary perspective, the discovery of new meiofauna taxa from extreme environments very often sheds light on phylogenetic relationships, while understanding how meiofaunal organisms are able to survive or even flourish in these conditions can explain evolutionary pathways. Finally, there are multiple potential economic benefits to be gained from ecological, biological, physiological and evolutionary studies of meiofauna in extreme environments. Despite all the advantages offered by meiofauna studies from extreme environments, there is still an urgent need to foster meiofauna research in terms of composition, ecology, biology and physiology focusing on extreme environments. in press Preprint https //link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12526 017 0815 z zep 2018_MarBiodiv_Zeppilli et al EV.pdf Articolo in rivista Springer 1867 1616 Marine biodiversity Print Marine biodiversity Print Mar. biodivers. Print Marine biodiversity. Print diego.fontaneto FONTANETO DIEGO |
