| Authors | Catherine M. O'Reilly1, Sapna Sharma2, Derek K. Gray3, Stephanie E. Hampton4, Jordan S. Read5, Rex J. Rowley1, Philipp Schneider6, John D. Lenters7, Peter B. McIntyre8, Benjamin M. Kraemer8, Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer9, Dietmar Straile10, Bo Dong11, Rita Adrian12, Mathew G. Allan13, Orlane Anneville14, , Lauri Arvola15, , Jay Austin16, , John L. Bailey17, , Jill S. Baron18, , Justin D. Brookes19, Elvira de Eyto20, Martin T. Dokulil21, David P. Hamilton22, Karl Havens23, ,Amy L. Hetherington24 ,Scott N. Higgins25 , Simon Hook26 , Lyubov R. Izmest'eva27 , Klaus D. Joehnk28 , Kulli Kangur29 ,Peter Kasprzak30 , Michio Kumagai31 , Esko Kuusisto32 , George Leshkevich33 , David M. Livingstone34 ,Sally MacIntyre35 , Linda May36 , John M. Melack37 , Doerthe C. Mueller-Navarra38 , Mikhail Naumenko39 ,Peeter Noges40 , Tiina Noges40 , Ryan P. North41 , Pierre-Denis Plisnier42 , Anna Rigosi19 , Alon Rimmer43 ,Michela Rogora44 , Lars G. Rudstam24 , James A. Rusak45 , Nico Salmaso46 , Nihar R. Samal47 ,Daniel E. Schindler48 , S. Geoffrey Schladow49 , Martin Schmid50 , Silke R. Schmidt12 , Eugene Silow27 ,M. Evren Soylu51 , Katrin Teubner52 , Piet Verburg53 , Ari Voutilainen54 , Andrew Watkinson55 ,Craig E. Williamson56 , and Guoqing Zhang57 |
| Text | 350889 2015 10.1002/2015GL066235 ISI Web of Science WOS 000368939700008 Scopus 2 s2.0 84955176607 lakes climate change temperature Rapid and highly variable warming of lake surface waters around the globe Catherine M. O Reilly1, Sapna Sharma2, Derek K. Gray3, Stephanie E. Hampton4, Jordan S. Read5, Rex J. Rowley1, Philipp Schneider6, John D. Lenters7, Peter B. McIntyre8, Benjamin M. Kraemer8, Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer9, Dietmar Straile10, Bo Dong11, Rita Adrian12, Mathew G. Allan13, Orlane Anneville14, , Lauri Arvola15, , Jay Austin16, , John L. Bailey17, , Jill S. Baron18, , Justin D. Brookes19, Elvira de Eyto20, Martin T. Dokulil21, David P. Hamilton22, Karl Havens23, ,Amy L. Hetherington24 ,Scott N. Higgins25 , Simon Hook26 , Lyubov R. Izmest eva27 , Klaus D. Joehnk28 , Kulli Kangur29 ,Peter Kasprzak30 , Michio Kumagai31 , Esko Kuusisto32 , George Leshkevich33 , David M. Livingstone34 ,Sally MacIntyre35 , Linda May36 , John M. Melack37 , Doerthe C. Mueller Navarra38 , Mikhail Naumenko39 ,Peeter Noges40 , Tiina Noges40 , Ryan P. North41 , Pierre Denis Plisnier42 , Anna Rigosi19 , Alon Rimmer43 ,Michela Rogora44 , Lars G. Rudstam24 , James A. Rusak45 , Nico Salmaso46 , Nihar R. Samal47 ,Daniel E. Schindler48 , S. Geoffrey Schladow49 , Martin Schmid50 , Silke R. Schmidt12 , Eugene Silow27 ,M. Evren Soylu51 , Katrin Teubner52 , Piet Verburg53 , Ari Voutilainen54 , Andrew Watkinson55 ,Craig E. Williamson56 , and Guoqing Zhang57 1 Department of Geography Geology, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA, 2 Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 3 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, California University of Pennsylvania, California, Pennsylvania, USA, 4 Center for Environmental Research, Education and Outreach, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA, 5 U.S. Geological Survey Center for Integrated Data Analytics, Middleton, Wisconsin, USA, 6 Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway, 7 LimnoTech, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, 8 Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 9 Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, 10 Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany, 11 Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York, USA, 12 Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany, 13 Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand, 14 National Institute for Agricultural Research, UMR Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Reseaux Trophiques des Ecosystemes Limniques, Thonon Les Bains, France, 15 Lammi Biological Station, University of Helsinki, Lammi, Finland, 16 Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA, 17 Ministry of Environment and Climate Change, Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit, Laurentian University of Sudbury, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, 18 U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, 19 Water Research Centre, Environment Institute, School of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, 20 Fisheries Ecosystems Advisory Services, Marine Institute, Furnace, Newport, Ireland, 21 Research Institute for Limnology, University of Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria, 22 Environmental Research Institute, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand, 23 Florida Sea Grant and UF/IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA, 24 Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA, 25 International Institute for Sustainable Development Experimental Lakes Area, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, 26 National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA, 27 Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia, 28 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Land and Water Flagship, Black Mountain, Canberra, Australia, 29 Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia, 30 Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany, 31 Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan, 32 Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland, 33 NOAA/Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, 34 Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water, Eawag Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Dubendorf, Switzerland, 35 Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA, 36 Centre for Ecology Hydrology, Bush Estate, Midlothian, UK, 37 Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA, 38 Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, 39 Hydrology Laboratory, Limnology Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, 40 Centre for Limnology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia, 41 Institute of Coastal Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Geesthacht, Germany, 42 Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium, 43 Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, The Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Migdal, Israel, 44 National Research Council Institute of Ecosystem Study, Verbania Pallanza, Italy, 45 Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Dorset, Ontario, Canada, 46 IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Istituto Agrario di S. Michele all Adige Fondazione E. Mach, Trento, Italy, 47 Department of Natural Resources and Earth Systems Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA, 48 School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 49 Tahoe Environmental Research Center, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA, 50 Department of Surface Waters Research and Management, Eawag Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Kastanienbaum, Switzerland, 51 Department of Civil Engineering, Meliksah University, Kayseri, Turkey, 52 Department of Limnology and Biological Oceanography, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 53 National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hamilton, New Zealand, 54 Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, 55 Seqwater, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia, 56 Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA, 57 CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China In this first worldwide synthesis of in situ and satellite derived lake data, we find that lake summer surface water temperatures rose rapidly global mean=0.34 degrees C decade 1 between 1985 and 2009. Our analyses show that surface water warming rates are dependent on combinations of climate and local characteristics, rather than just lake location, leading to the counterintuitive result that regional consistency in lake warming is the exception, rather than the rule. The most rapidly warming lakes are widely geographically distributed, and their warming is associated with interactions among different climatic factorsfrom seasonally ice covered lakes in areas where temperature and solar radiation are increasing while cloud cover is diminishing 0.72 degrees C decade 1 to ice free lakes experiencing increases in air temperature and solar radiation 0.53 degrees C decade 1 . The pervasive and rapid warming observed here signals the urgent need to incorporate climate impacts into vulnerability assessments and adaptation efforts for lakes. 42 Preprint https //agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2015GL066235 OReilly et al 2015 Versione pubblicata OReilly2015GRL.pdf Articolo in rivista American Geophysical Union. 0094 8276 Geophysical research letters Geophysical research letters Geophys. res. lett. Geophysical research letters. michela.rogora ROGORA MICHELA |
