| Abstract | Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is increasingly being used for water recycling via aquifers and recovery for irrigation. Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) was used to assess the human health risks from irrigation using reclaimed water and to evaluate the reduction in risk where MAR is used for irrigation management. Four MAR sites (Shafdan, Israel: Nardo, Italy: Bolivar, Australia; and Sabadell. Spain) that use reclaimed water for crop and/or park irrigation were evaluated, and the risk to human health was quantified in terms of DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years). The results indicated that median risks for all scenarios and pathogens evaluated were acceptable (<10(-6) DALYs) with the exception of risks from accidental aerosol ingestion and bacterial pathogens at the Nardo site. MAR was found to be one of the most important treatment barriers in terms of log(10) inactivation credits and hence a useful tool for recycled water irrigation management. The Shafdan site relied almost completely on the MAR treatment to reduce the human health risks from irrigation to acceptable levels. For the Nun site MAR was also an important barrier, where if MAR had not been used as part of the irrigation system the risk would be unacceptable for protozoa and viruses. The Bolivar and Sabadell sites had much larger and more technologically complex recycled water treatment systems and as such MAR was not a critical barrier in managing human health risks. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Text | 341286 2011 10.1016/j.agwat.2011.07.014 ISI Web of Science WOS 000296168800012 Managed Aquifer Recharge MAR Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment QMRA Reclaimed water Irrigation Disability Adjusted Life Years DALYs Quantifying the effect of Managed Aquifer Recharge on the microbiological human health risks of irrigating crops with recycled water Ayuso Gabella, Neus; Page, Declan; Masciopinto, Costantino; Aharoni, Avi; Salgot, Miquel; Wintgens, Thomas Soil Science Lab., University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country, Private Bag No. 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; Water Research Institute, CNR, via Salaria km 29, 300 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy; Mekorot National Water Co., 9 Lincoln Street, Tel Aviv 61201, Israel; Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz, Hochschule fur Life Sciences, Institut fur Ecopreneurship, Grundenstrasse 40, CH 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland Managed Aquifer Recharge MAR is increasingly being used for water recycling via aquifers and recovery for irrigation. Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment QMRA was used to assess the human health risks from irrigation using reclaimed water and to evaluate the reduction in risk where MAR is used for irrigation management. Four MAR sites Shafdan, Israel Nardo, Italy Bolivar, Australia; and Sabadell. Spain that use reclaimed water for crop and/or park irrigation were evaluated, and the risk to human health was quantified in terms of DALYs Disability Adjusted Life Years . The results indicated that median risks for all scenarios and pathogens evaluated were acceptable <10 6 DALYs with the exception of risks from accidental aerosol ingestion and bacterial pathogens at the Nardo site. MAR was found to be one of the most important treatment barriers in terms of log 10 inactivation credits and hence a useful tool for recycled water irrigation management. The Shafdan site relied almost completely on the MAR treatment to reduce the human health risks from irrigation to acceptable levels. For the Nun site MAR was also an important barrier, where if MAR had not been used as part of the irrigation system the risk would be unacceptable for protozoa and viruses. The Bolivar and Sabadell sites had much larger and more technologically complex recycled water treatment systems and as such MAR was not a critical barrier in managing human health risks. C 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 99 Published version Articolo in rivista Elsevier 0378 3774 Agricultural water management Print Agricultural water management Print Agric. water manag. Print Agricultural water management. Print costantino.masciopinto MASCIOPINTO COSTANTINO TA.P04.005.010 Metodi, dispositivi di stima dei parametri idrogeologici e modelli matematici |
