Scheda di dettaglio – i prodotti della ricerca
| Dato | Valore |
|---|---|
| Title | Fat, oil and grease waste from municipal wastewater: characterization, activation and sustainable conversion into biofuel |
| Abstract | Fat, oil and grease (FOG) recovered by the oil/water separator of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were sampled, characterized, activated and converted into biofuel. Free acids (50-55%) and fatty soaps (26-32%) not only composed the main components, but they were also easily separable from the starting waste. The respective free fatty acid profiles were gas-chromatographically evaluated, interestingly verifying that free acids had a different profile (mainly oleic acid) with respect to the soapy fraction (saturated fatty acids were dominant). The inorganic composition was also determined for soaps, confirming that calcium is the most commonly present metal. The chemical activation of this fatty waste was made possible by converting the starting soaps into the respective free fatty acids by using formic acid as activator, coproducing the relevant formates. The activated fatty matter was then converted into biofuel through direct esterification under very mild conditions (345 K, atmospheric pressure) and obtaining thermodynamic conversion in less than 2 h. The process was easily scaled up, isolating at the end pure biodiesel (purity>96%) through distillation under vacuum, providing a final product conformed to commercial purposes. |
| Source | Water science and technology 71 (8), pp. 1151–1157 |
| Keywords | biodieselcalcium soapsFOGWWTP-waste valorization |
| Journal | Water science and technology |
| Editor | IWA Publishing, London, |
| Year | 2015 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| DOI | 10.2166/wst.2015.084 |
| Authors | Pastore Carlo; Pagano Michele; Lopez Antonio; Mininni Giuseppe; Mascolo Giuseppe |
| Text | 339893 2015 10.2166/wst.2015.084 ISI Web of Science WOS 000353561700005 biodiesel calcium soaps FOG WWTP waste valorization Fat, oil and grease waste from municipal wastewater characterization, activation and sustainable conversion into biofuel Pastore Carlo; Pagano Michele; Lopez Antonio; Mininni Giuseppe; Mascolo Giuseppe CNR IRSA, via De Blasio 5, 70132, Bari, Italy Fat, oil and grease FOG recovered by the oil/water separator of a wastewater treatment plant WWTP were sampled, characterized, activated and converted into biofuel. Free acids 50 55% and fatty soaps 26 32% not only composed the main components, but they were also easily separable from the starting waste. The respective free fatty acid profiles were gas chromatographically evaluated, interestingly verifying that free acids had a different profile mainly oleic acid with respect to the soapy fraction saturated fatty acids were dominant . The inorganic composition was also determined for soaps, confirming that calcium is the most commonly present metal. The chemical activation of this fatty waste was made possible by converting the starting soaps into the respective free fatty acids by using formic acid as activator, coproducing the relevant formates. The activated fatty matter was then converted into biofuel through direct esterification under very mild conditions 345 K, atmospheric pressure and obtaining thermodynamic conversion in less than 2 h. The process was easily scaled up, isolating at the end pure biodiesel purity>96% through distillation under vacuum, providing a final product conformed to commercial purposes. 71 Published version Articolo in rivista IWA Publishing 0273 1223 Water science and technology Water science and technology Water science and technology. Water sci. technol. antonio.lopez LOPEZ ANTONIO giuseppe.mininni MININNI GIUSEPPE carlo.pastore PASTORE CARLO michele.pagano PAGANO MICHELE giuseppe.mascolo MASCOLO GIUSEPPE TA.P07.001.005 Recupero di risorse da rifiuti e biomasse |