| Title | Effective bioremediation strategy for rapid in situ cleanup of anoxic marine sediments in mesocosm oil spill simulation |
| Abstract | The purpose of present study was the simulation of an oil spill accompanied by burial of significant amount of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) in coastal sediments. Approximately 1000 kg of sediments collected in Messina harbor were spiked with Bunker C furnace fuel oil (6500 ppm). The rapid consumption of oxygen by aerobic heterotrophs created highly reduced conditions in the sediments with subsequent recession of biodegradation rates. As follows, after 3 months of ageing, the anaerobic sediments did not exhibit any significant levels of biodegradation and more than 80% of added Bunker C fuel oil remained buried. Anaerobic microbial community exhibited a strong enrichment in sulfate-reducing PHs-degrading and PHs-associated Deltaproteobacteria. As an effective bioremediation strategy to clean up these contaminated sediments, we applied a Modular Slurry System (MSS) allowing the containment of sediments and their physical chemical treatment, e.g., aeration. Aeration for 3 months has increased the removal of main PHs contaminants up to 98%. As revealed by CARD-FISH, qPCR, and 16S rRNA gene clone library analyses, addition of Bunker C fuel oil initially affected the activity of autochthonous aerobic obligate marine hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (OMHCB), and after 1 month more than the third of microbial population was represented by Alcaniyorax-, Cycloclasticus-, and Marinobacter-related organisms. In the end of the experiment, the microbial community composition has returned to a status typically observed in pristine marine ecosystems with no detectable OMHCB present. Eco-toxicological bioassay revealed that the toxicity of sediments after treatment was substantially decreased. Thus, our studies demonstrated that petroleum-contaminated anaerobic marine sediments could efficiently be cleaned through an in situ oxygenation which stimulates their self-cleaning potential due to reawakening of allochtonous aerobic OMHCB. |
| Source | Frontiers in microbiology 5 |
| Keywords | marine anoxic sedimentscrude oil pollutionhydrocarbonoclastic bacteriain situ bioremediationaerated slurry system |
| Journal | Frontiers in microbiology |
| Editor | Frontiers Research Foundation,, Lausanne, Svizzera |
| Year | 2014 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| DOI | 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00162 |
| Authors | Genovese, Maria; Crisafi, Francesca; Denaro, Renata; Cappello, Simone; Russo, Daniela; Calogero, Rosario; Santisi, Santina; Catalfamo, Maurizio; Modica, Alfonso; Smedile, Francesco; Genovese, Lucrezia; Golyshin, Peter N.; Giuliano, Laura; Yakimov, Michail M. |
| Text | 313124 2014 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00162 ISI Web of Science WOS 000334282300001 marine anoxic sediments crude oil pollution hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in situ bioremediation aerated slurry system Effective bioremediation strategy for rapid in situ cleanup of anoxic marine sediments in mesocosm oil spill simulation Genovese, Maria; Crisafi, Francesca; Denaro, Renata; Cappello, Simone; Russo, Daniela; Calogero, Rosario; Santisi, Santina; Catalfamo, Maurizio; Modica, Alfonso; Smedile, Francesco; Genovese, Lucrezia; Golyshin, Peter N.; Giuliano, Laura; Yakimov, Michail M. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR ; University of Messina; Syndial SpA; Bangor University; Mediterranean Sci Commiss The purpose of present study was the simulation of an oil spill accompanied by burial of significant amount of petroleum hydrocarbons PHs in coastal sediments. Approximately 1000 kg of sediments collected in Messina harbor were spiked with Bunker C furnace fuel oil 6500 ppm . The rapid consumption of oxygen by aerobic heterotrophs created highly reduced conditions in the sediments with subsequent recession of biodegradation rates. As follows, after 3 months of ageing, the anaerobic sediments did not exhibit any significant levels of biodegradation and more than 80% of added Bunker C fuel oil remained buried. Anaerobic microbial community exhibited a strong enrichment in sulfate reducing PHs degrading and PHs associated Deltaproteobacteria. As an effective bioremediation strategy to clean up these contaminated sediments, we applied a Modular Slurry System MSS allowing the containment of sediments and their physical chemical treatment, e.g., aeration. Aeration for 3 months has increased the removal of main PHs contaminants up to 98%. As revealed by CARD FISH, qPCR, and 16S rRNA gene clone library analyses, addition of Bunker C fuel oil initially affected the activity of autochthonous aerobic obligate marine hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria OMHCB , and after 1 month more than the third of microbial population was represented by Alcaniyorax , Cycloclasticus , and Marinobacter related organisms. In the end of the experiment, the microbial community composition has returned to a status typically observed in pristine marine ecosystems with no detectable OMHCB present. Eco toxicological bioassay revealed that the toxicity of sediments after treatment was substantially decreased. Thus, our studies demonstrated that petroleum contaminated anaerobic marine sediments could efficiently be cleaned through an in situ oxygenation which stimulates their self cleaning potential due to reawakening of allochtonous aerobic OMHCB. 5 Articolo in rivista Frontiers Research Foundation, 1664 302X Frontiers in microbiology Frontiers in microbiology Front. microbiol. Frontiers in microbiology francesca.crisafi CRISAFI FRANCESCA francesco.smedile SMEDILE FRANCESCO CALOGERO ROSARIO lucrezia.genovese GENOVESE LUCREZIA laura.giuliano GIULIANO LAURA mikhail.iakimov IAKIMOV MIKHAIL renata.denaro DENARO RENATA simone.cappello CAPPELLO SIMONE maria.genovese GENOVESE MARIA maurizio.catalfamo CATALFAMO MAURIZIO |
