| Title | Detection of temporal trends in atmospheric deposition of inorganic nitrogen and sulphate to forests in Europe |
| Abstract | Atmospheric deposition to forests has been monitored within the International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests) with sampling and analyses of bulk precipitation and throughfall at several hundred forested plots for more than 15 years. The current deposition of inorganic nitrogen (nitrate and ammonium) and sulphate is highest in central Europe as well as in some southern regions. We compared linear regression and Mann-Kendall trend analysis techniques often used to detect temporal trends in atmospheric deposition. The choice of method influenced the number of significant trends. Detection of trends was more powerful using monthly data compared to annual data. The slope of a trend needed to exceed a certain minimum in order to be detected despite the short-term variability of deposition. This variability could to a large extent be explained by meteorological processes, and the minimum slope of detectable trends was thus similar across sites and many ions. The overall decreasing trends for inorganic nitrogen and sulphate in the decade to 2010 were about 2% and 6%, respectively. Time series of about 10 and 6 years were required to detect significant trends in inorganic nitrogen and sulphate on a single plot. The strongest decreasing trends were observed in western central Europe in regions with relatively high deposition fluxes, whereas stable or slightly increasing deposition during the last 5 years was found east of the Alpine region as well as in northern Europe. Past reductions in anthropogenic emissions of both acidifying and eutrophying compounds can be confirmed due to the availability of long-term data series but further reductions are required to reduce deposition to European forests to levels below which significant harmful effects do not occur according to present knowledge. © 2014 The Authors. |
| Source | Atmospheric environment (1994) 95, pp. 363–374 |
| Keywords | Bulk depositionICP ForestsInorganic nitrogen depositionSulphate depositionThroughfallTime trend analyses |
| Journal | Atmospheric environment (1994) |
| Editor | Pergamon., Oxford, Regno Unito |
| Year | 2014 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.06.054 |
| Authors | Waldner, Peter A.; Marchetto, Aldo; Thimonier, Anne; Schmitt, Maria; Rogora, Michela; Granke, Oliver; Mues, Volker; Hansen, Karin Vels; Pihl Karlsson, Gunilla; ?lindra, Daniel; Clarke, Nicholas; Verstraeten, Arne; Lazdi??, Andis; Schimming, Claus G.; Iacoban, Carmen; Lindroos, Antti Jussi; Vanguelova, Elena Iordanova; Benham, Sue; Meesenburg, Henning; Nicolas, Manuel; Kowalska, Anna M.; Apuhtin, Vladislav; Napa, Ülle; Lachmanová, Zora; Kristoefel, Ferdinand; Bleeker, Albert; Ingerslev, Morten; Vesterdal, Lars; Molina, Juan Ramón; Fischer, Uwe; Seidling, Walter; Jonard, Mathieu; O'Dea, Philip; Johnson, James A.; Fischer, Richard A.; Lorenz, Martin |
| Text | 312758 2014 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.06.054 Scopus 2 s2.0 84903590760 Bulk deposition ICP Forests Inorganic nitrogen deposition Sulphate deposition Throughfall Time trend analyses Detection of temporal trends in atmospheric deposition of inorganic nitrogen and sulphate to forests in Europe Waldner, Peter A.; Marchetto, Aldo; Thimonier, Anne; Schmitt, Maria; Rogora, Michela; Granke, Oliver; Mues, Volker; Hansen, Karin Vels; Pihl Karlsson, Gunilla; lindra, Daniel; Clarke, Nicholas; Verstraeten, Arne; Lazdi , Andis; Schimming, Claus G.; Iacoban, Carmen; Lindroos, Antti Jussi; Vanguelova, Elena Iordanova; Benham, Sue; Meesenburg, Henning; Nicolas, Manuel; Kowalska, Anna M.; Apuhtin, Vladislav; Napa, Ülle; Lachmanova, Zora; Kristoefel, Ferdinand; Bleeker, Albert; Ingerslev, Morten; Vesterdal, Lars; Molina, Juan Ramon; Fischer, Uwe; Seidling, Walter; Jonard, Mathieu; O Dea, Philip; Johnson, James A.; Fischer, Richard A.; Lorenz, Martin Eidgenossische Forschungsanstalt fur Wald, Schnee Und Landschaft Eth Bereichs; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Digsyland; Universitat Hamburg; IVL Svenska Miljoinstitutet; Slovenian Forestry Institute; Norsk Institutt for Skog og Landskap; Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels; SILAVA; Christian Albrechts Universitat zu Kiel; Experiment Station for Spruce Silviculture; Metla; Farnham Forest Research; NW FVA; ONF; Instytut Badawczy LeSnictwa; Estonian Environment Agency; University of Tartu; Forestry and Game Management Research Institute; Federal Forest Research Centre, Vienna; Energy research Centre of the Netherlands ECN; Kobenhavns Universitet; TECMENA; Thunen Institute of Forest Ecosystems; Universite Catholique de Louvain; Coillte Laboratories; Trent University; University College Dublin; Thunen Institute of International Forestry and Forest Economics Atmospheric deposition to forests has been monitored within the International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests ICP Forests with sampling and analyses of bulk precipitation and throughfall at several hundred forested plots for more than 15 years. The current deposition of inorganic nitrogen nitrate and ammonium and sulphate is highest in central Europe as well as in some southern regions. We compared linear regression and Mann Kendall trend analysis techniques often used to detect temporal trends in atmospheric deposition. The choice of method influenced the number of significant trends. Detection of trends was more powerful using monthly data compared to annual data. The slope of a trend needed to exceed a certain minimum in order to be detected despite the short term variability of deposition. This variability could to a large extent be explained by meteorological processes, and the minimum slope of detectable trends was thus similar across sites and many ions. The overall decreasing trends for inorganic nitrogen and sulphate in the decade to 2010 were about 2% and 6%, respectively. Time series of about 10 and 6 years were required to detect significant trends in inorganic nitrogen and sulphate on a single plot. The strongest decreasing trends were observed in western central Europe in regions with relatively high deposition fluxes, whereas stable or slightly increasing deposition during the last 5 years was found east of the Alpine region as well as in northern Europe. Past reductions in anthropogenic emissions of both acidifying and eutrophying compounds can be confirmed due to the availability of long term data series but further reductions are required to reduce deposition to European forests to levels below which significant harmful effects do not occur according to present knowledge. © 2014 The Authors. 95 Published version http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 84903590760 origin=inward Detection of temporal trends in atmospheric deposition of inorganic nitrogen and sulphate to forests in Europe Waldner2014.pdf Articolo in rivista Pergamon. 1352 2310 Atmospheric environment 1994 Atmospheric environment 1994 Atmos. environ. 1994 aldo.marchetto MARCHETTO ALDO michela.rogora ROGORA MICHELA TA.P02.014.002 Impatto dei cambiamenti globali sugli ecosistemi acquatici |
