| Title | Evaluation of spatial distribution and accumulation of novel brominated flame retardants, HBCD and PBDEs in an Italian subalpine lake using zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) |
| Abstract | Because of the reduction in the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), including 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), hexabromobenzene (HBB), and pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), started to be marketed as alternatives to the banned formulations. In this study, the spatial distribution and accumulation of NBFRs, PBDEs, and HBCD in the biota have been investigated in the littoral compartment of a large and deep subalpine lake (Lake Maggiore, Northern Italy), using zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and roach (Rutilus rutilus) as bioindicators. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the contamination of NBFRs in the freshwater invertebrate D. polymorpha. Contamination of zebra mussel due to PBEB, HBB, and BTBPE was low, ranging from 0.9 to 2.9 ng/g lipid weight, from 1.1 to 2.9 ng/g l.w., and from 3.5 to 9.5 ng/g l.w., respectively. PBEB and BTBPE in roach were always below the detection limit, while the contamination of HBB ranged from < limits of detection (LOD) to 1.74 ng/g l.w., indicating a weak contamination. DBDPE was < LOD in all the considered biological samples. Finally, HBCD was detected in all organic tissues with mean concentrations up to 74.4 ng/g l.w. PBDE results, supported by principal component analysis elaboration, suggested a possible contamination due to the congeners composing the penta- and deca-BDE technical formulations, which are present in the Lake Maggiore basin. The biomagnification factor values showed that tetra- and penta-BDE biomagnified, while octa-, nona-, and deca-BDE were still bioavailable and detectable in the fish muscles, but they do not biomagnified. Considering the other BFRs, only HBCD showed a moderate biomagnification potential. © 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
| Source | Environmental science and pollution research international 21 (16), pp. 9655–9664 |
| Keywords | Common roachHexabromocylododecane (HBCD)Lake MaggioreNovel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs)Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)Zebra mussel |
| Journal | Environmental science and pollution research international |
| Editor | Springer, Berlin, Germania |
| Year | 2014 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| DOI | 10.1007/s11356-014-2826-7 |
| Authors | Giulia Poma; Andrea Binelli; Pietro Volta; Claudio Roscioli; Licia Guzzella |
| Text | 304012 2014 10.1007/s11356 014 2826 7 Scopus 2 s2.0 84906079259 Common roach Hexabromocylododecane HBCD Lake Maggiore Novel brominated flame retardants NBFRs Polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBDEs Zebra mussel Evaluation of spatial distribution and accumulation of novel brominated flame retardants, HBCD and PBDEs in an Italian subalpine lake using zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha Giulia Poma; Andrea Binelli; Pietro Volta; Claudio Roscioli; Licia Guzzella CNR Water Research Institute IRSA ; Universita degli Studi di Milano; CNR ISE Because of the reduction in the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBDEs and hexabromocyclododecane HBCD , novel brominated flame retardants NBFRs , including 1,2 bis 2,4,6 tribromophenoxy ethane BTBPE , decabromodiphenyl ethane DBDPE , hexabromobenzene HBB , and pentabromoethylbenzene PBEB , started to be marketed as alternatives to the banned formulations. In this study, the spatial distribution and accumulation of NBFRs, PBDEs, and HBCD in the biota have been investigated in the littoral compartment of a large and deep subalpine lake Lake Maggiore, Northern Italy , using zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and roach Rutilus rutilus as bioindicators. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the contamination of NBFRs in the freshwater invertebrate D. polymorpha. Contamination of zebra mussel due to PBEB, HBB, and BTBPE was low, ranging from 0.9 to 2.9 ng/g lipid weight, from 1.1 to 2.9 ng/g l.w., and from 3.5 to 9.5 ng/g l.w., respectively. PBEB and BTBPE in roach were always below the detection limit, while the contamination of HBB ranged from < limits of detection LOD to 1.74 ng/g l.w., indicating a weak contamination. DBDPE was < LOD in all the considered biological samples. Finally, HBCD was detected in all organic tissues with mean concentrations up to 74.4 ng/g l.w. PBDE results, supported by principal component analysis elaboration, suggested a possible contamination due to the congeners composing the penta and deca BDE technical formulations, which are present in the Lake Maggiore basin. The biomagnification factor values showed that tetra and penta BDE biomagnified, while octa , nona , and deca BDE were still bioavailable and detectable in the fish muscles, but they do not biomagnified. Considering the other BFRs, only HBCD showed a moderate biomagnification potential. © 2014 Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 21 http //www.scopus.com/record/display.url eid=2 s2.0 84906079259 origin=inward Articolo 2014_Environ_Sci_Pollut_Res_21_9655_9664.pdf Articolo in rivista Springer 0944 1344 Environmental science and pollution research international Environmental science and pollution research international Environ. sci. pollut. res. int. Environmental science and pollution research international. Environmental science and pollution research international Print Environmental science and pollution research Print ESPR Print liciamaria.guzzella GUZZELLA LICIA MARIA claudiogiovanni.roscioli ROSCIOLI CLAUDIO GIOVANNI pietro.volta VOLTA PIETRO TA.P04.016.004 Ecologia teorica e applicata degli ecosistemi acquatici TA.P04.021.007 Diffusione, ripartizione, bioaccumulo e trasformazione di inquinanti in ecosistemi acquatici |
