| Title | Simultaneous determination of human pharmaceuticals in water samples by solid phase extraction and HPLC with UV-fluorescence detection |
| Abstract | The presence of pharmaceutical active products (PPs) in the aquatic environment is principally due to
insufficient removal at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Although PPs and their metabolites are
often found in waters at trace levels, they can maintain a high biological activity with potential adverse
effects on biotic communities. The development of accurate and sensitive methods is therefore necessary for
their detection in aquatic ecosystems. In this context, the aim of this study was to validate a simple and reliable
analytical procedure for determining selected pharmaceuticals in wastewaters and surface waters by applying
solid phase extraction (SPE) using polymeric Strata X extraction cartridges and HPLC with simultaneous UV and
fluorescence detection. Nine selected PPs belonging to different therapeutic classes (carbamazepine, gemfibrozil,
clofibric acid, fenofibrate, fenoprofen, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac) and three steroid
hormones (17?-estradiol, 17?-ethinylestradiol, and estrone)were considered. Themethod, validated on spiked
real water samples (river water, influent and effluent from a WWTP), showed satisfactory accuracy and sensitivity,
with average recoveries in the 65-104% range and relative standard deviations (RSD)<=16%. The limits of
quantification (LOQs) ranged from 10 to 1100 ng/L for all spiked matrices. The optimized method has been
successfully applied to the detection of the selected compounds in environmental waters, such as two contaminated
sites along the urban stretch of the River Tiber in the city of Rome (Italy) and from both the influent and
effluent from a municipalWWTP close to Rome. The method developed is proposed for routine analysis of PPs
in polluted waters as it is a useful and affordable alternative when more sophisticated techniques are not
available. |
| Source | Microchemical journal (Print) 107, pp. 165–171 |
| Keywords | pharmaceuticalswastewaterriver waterHPLC-UV-Fluo |
| Journal | Microchemical journal (Print) |
| Editor | Academic Press [etc.], New York,, Stati Uniti d'America |
| Year | 2013 |
| Type | Articolo in rivista |
| Authors | Patrolecco L., Ademollo N., Grenni P., Tolomei A., Barra Caracciolo A., Capri S. |
| Text | 201277 2013 Scopus 2 s2.0 84872201727 pharmaceuticals wastewater river water HPLC UV Fluo Simultaneous determination of human pharmaceuticals in water samples by solid phase extraction and HPLC with UV fluorescence detection Patrolecco L., Ademollo N., Grenni P., Tolomei A., Barra Caracciolo A., Capri S. Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque, Roma The presence of pharmaceutical active products PPs in the aquatic environment is principally due to insufficient removal at wastewater treatment plants WWTPs . Although PPs and their metabolites are often found in waters at trace levels, they can maintain a high biological activity with potential adverse effects on biotic communities. The development of accurate and sensitive methods is therefore necessary for their detection in aquatic ecosystems. In this context, the aim of this study was to validate a simple and reliable analytical procedure for determining selected pharmaceuticals in wastewaters and surface waters by applying solid phase extraction SPE using polymeric Strata X extraction cartridges and HPLC with simultaneous UV and fluorescence detection. Nine selected PPs belonging to different therapeutic classes carbamazepine, gemfibrozil, clofibric acid, fenofibrate, fenoprofen, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac and three steroid hormones 17 estradiol, 17 ethinylestradiol, and estrone were considered. Themethod, validated on spiked real water samples river water, influent and effluent from a WWTP , showed satisfactory accuracy and sensitivity, with average recoveries in the 65 104% range and relative standard deviations RSD <=16%. The limits of quantification LOQs ranged from 10 to 1100 ng/L for all spiked matrices. The optimized method has been successfully applied to the detection of the selected compounds in environmental waters, such as two contaminated sites along the urban stretch of the River Tiber in the city of Rome Italy and from both the influent and effluent from a municipalWWTP close to Rome. The method developed is proposed for routine analysis of PPs in polluted waters as it is a useful and affordable alternative when more sophisticated techniques are not available. 107 Published version Articolo Pubblicato Pubblicazione Internazionale ISI MicrJou_2013_Patrolecco.pdf Articolo in rivista Academic Press etc. 0026 265X Microchemical journal Print Microchemical journal Print Microchemical journal. Print nicoletta.ademollo ADEMOLLO NICOLETTA luisa.patrolecco PATROLECCO LUISA anna.barracaracciolo BARRA CARACCIOLO ANNA paola.grenni GRENNI PAOLA silvio.capri CAPRI SILVIO TA.P04.021.007 Diffusione, ripartizione, bioaccumulo e trasformazione di inquinanti in ecosistemi acquatici |
